Novel and sustainable valorization of biogenic waste into microbial protein based fish dietary ingredient in bioreactor: Process optimization and sustainable utilization

IF 3.6 2区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Aquacultural Engineering Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI:10.1016/j.aquaeng.2024.102483

Thejaswini , M.H. Chandrakant , A.M. Babitha Rani

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Waste valorization is the concept of sustainability, and microbial floc is the valorised product of sustainable aquaculture. It converts nitrogenous waste into nutritious microbial protein that can replace fish meal partially or completely as feed for aquatic animals. The current study focuses on optimizing the process of production of microbial protein using aquaculture waste in a bioreactor and its utilization as feed for genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT) reared in inland saline groundwater with various inclusion levels. The retention time, aeration, and microbial flocculant (chitosan) were optimized to intensify the reaction, using a response surface methodology approach based on a full factorial experimental design. The chosen responses for evaluation were crude protein (CP), crude lipid (CL), and floc volume (FV). The interaction between aeration and retention time was found to play a significant role in the percentage of crude protein and crude lipid of microbial floc (p<0.001). The floc volume was significantly influenced by retention time and chitosan concentration (p<0.05). The process was optimized with 4 days of retention time, 30 ppm of chitosan concentration, and intermittent aeration (0.5 hr aeration and 0.5 hr no aeration), which resulted good quality microbial floc with a maximum CP of 24.74 %, a maximum CL of 2.13 %, and a FV of 13.75 ml. A completely randomized design with the inclusion of 0 %, 10 %, 20 %, and 30 % microbial floc (produced in a bioreactor) in feed was followed to evaluate the growth performance of GIFT. Among these, microbial flocs with a 20 % inclusion level showed a good growth trajectory. This study has shown that 20 % microbial floc meal in the diet is optimum for the growth of GIFT in inland saline groundwater. This study sustainably supports the waste valorization concept with microbial protein production in a bioreactor that is a suitable feed for GIFT.

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在生物反应器中将生物废弃物转化为基于微生物蛋白的鱼类膳食配料的新颖和可持续的价值评估：工艺优化和可持续利用

废物价值化是可持续发展的概念，而微生物絮团则是可持续水产养殖的价值化产品。它将含氮废物转化为营养丰富的微生物蛋白，可部分或完全替代鱼粉作为水产动物的饲料。本研究的重点是优化生物反应器中利用水产养殖废弃物生产微生物蛋白的过程，并将其用作在内陆含盐地下水中饲养的基因改良养殖罗非鱼（GIFT）的饲料。采用基于全因子实验设计的响应面方法，对停留时间、曝气和微生物絮凝剂（壳聚糖）进行了优化，以强化反应。选定的评估反应为粗蛋白（CP）、粗脂肪（CL）和絮凝体体积（FV）。结果发现，通气量和停留时间之间的交互作用对微生物絮体的粗蛋白和粗脂百分比有显著影响（p<0.001）。絮团体积受停留时间和壳聚糖浓度的影响很大（p<0.05）。在保留时间为 4 天、壳聚糖浓度为 30 ppm 和间歇通气（通气 0.5 小时，不通气 0.5 小时）的条件下对工艺进行了优化，得到了高质量的微生物絮团，其最大 CP 值为 24.74%，最大 CL 值为 2.13%，FV 值为 13.75 ml。采用完全随机设计，在饲料中添加 0 %、10 %、20 % 和 30 % 的微生物絮团（在生物反应器中生产），以评估 GIFT 的生长性能。其中，添加量为 20% 的微生物絮凝物显示出良好的生长轨迹。这项研究表明，日粮中 20% 的微生物絮团粉最适合 GIFT 在内陆盐碱地下水中的生长。这项研究通过在生物反应器中生产微生物蛋白质，为废物价值化概念提供了可持续的支持，而微生物蛋白质是 GIFT 的合适饲料。

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来源期刊

Aquacultural Engineering 农林科学-农业工程

CiteScore

8.60

自引率

10.00%

发文量

审稿时长

>24 weeks

期刊介绍： Aquacultural Engineering is concerned with the design and development of effective aquacultural systems for marine and freshwater facilities. The journal aims to apply the knowledge gained from basic research which potentially can be translated into commercial operations. Problems of scale-up and application of research data involve many parameters, both physical and biological, making it difficult to anticipate the interaction between the unit processes and the cultured animals. Aquacultural Engineering aims to develop this bioengineering interface for aquaculture and welcomes contributions in the following areas: – Engineering and design of aquaculture facilities – Engineering-based research studies – Construction experience and techniques – In-service experience, commissioning, operation – Materials selection and their uses – Quantification of biological data and constraints