Valorization of brewer's spent grain via systematic study of KOH activation parameters and its potential application in energy storage

IF 5.8 2区生物学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Biomass & Bioenergy Pub Date : 2024-11-23 DOI:10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107494

Sofía Raviolo , María Victoria Bracamonte , María Belén Suarez Ramanzin , Daniela Alburquenque , Marcos Iván Oliva , Fernando Pablo Cometto , Guillermina Leticia Luque

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Abstract

Porous carbonaceous materials have gained importance due to their multiple uses in energy storage applications. A cost-effective and promising way to synthesize these materials can be achieved through the KOH activation of carbons from agricultural by-products, by carefully controlling certain characteristics, such as yield and specific surface area. This work explores the synthesis and characterization of activated carbons (ACs) derived from brewery waste production and their potential use as cathode material in lithium-sulfur batteries. The study examines key parameters of the activation process, including pyrolysis temperature, soaking activation time, washing procedures, and mixing methods, to maximize the surface area and porosity of the resulting ACs. Different characterization techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, were employed to evaluate the structural and chemical properties of the obtained ACs. As a result, biocarbons with highly competitive surface areas up to 1792 m²/g were achieved and tested as hosts for sulfur impregnation for its application in lithium-sulfur cells.

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通过系统研究 KOH 活化参数及其在能量储存中的潜在应用，实现酿酒师废弃谷物的价值化

多孔碳质材料因其在储能应用中的多种用途而变得越来越重要。通过对某些特性（如产量和比表面积）的精心控制，从农副产品中提取的碳可以通过 KOH 活化的方法合成，这是一种具有成本效益且前景广阔的方法。本研究探讨了从酿酒厂废料中提取的活性碳（AC）的合成和表征及其作为锂硫电池阴极材料的潜在用途。该研究考察了活化过程的关键参数，包括热解温度、浸泡活化时间、洗涤程序和混合方法，以最大限度地提高所得活性炭的表面积和孔隙率。研究采用了不同的表征技术，如扫描电子显微镜、X 射线衍射、拉曼光谱、X 射线光电子能谱和氮吸附-解吸等温线，来评估所获得的生物碳化物的结构和化学特性。结果，获得了具有高度竞争性表面积（高达 1792 m2/g）的生物碳，并作为硫浸渍的宿主进行了测试，以应用于锂硫电池。

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来源期刊

Biomass & Bioenergy 工程技术-能源与燃料

CiteScore

11.50

自引率

3.30%

发文量

258

审稿时长

60 days

期刊介绍： Biomass & Bioenergy is an international journal publishing original research papers and short communications, review articles and case studies on biological resources, chemical and biological processes, and biomass products for new renewable sources of energy and materials. The scope of the journal extends to the environmental, management and economic aspects of biomass and bioenergy. Key areas covered by the journal: • Biomass: sources, energy crop production processes, genetic improvements, composition. Please note that research on these biomass subjects must be linked directly to bioenergy generation. • Biological Residues: residues/rests from agricultural production, forestry and plantations (palm, sugar etc), processing industries, and municipal sources (MSW). Papers on the use of biomass residues through innovative processes/technological novelty and/or consideration of feedstock/system sustainability (or unsustainability) are welcomed. However waste treatment processes and pollution control or mitigation which are only tangentially related to bioenergy are not in the scope of the journal, as they are more suited to publications in the environmental arena. Papers that describe conventional waste streams (ie well described in existing literature) that do not empirically address ''new'' added value from the process are not suitable for submission to the journal. • Bioenergy Processes: fermentations, thermochemical conversions, liquid and gaseous fuels, and petrochemical substitutes • Bioenergy Utilization: direct combustion, gasification, electricity production, chemical processes, and by-product remediation • Biomass and the Environment: carbon cycle, the net energy efficiency of bioenergy systems, assessment of sustainability, and biodiversity issues.