Harnessing microbial synergy: A comprehensive evaluation of consortia-mediated bioremediation strategies for petroleum refinery wastewater treatment

Cleaner Water Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI:10.1016/j.clwat.2024.100055

Eziafakaego M. Ibo , Aina O. Adeogun , Michael U. Orji , Odera R. Umeh

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Abstract

The growing global demand for energy has led to the expansion of oil and gas industries, putting our environment at risk of pollution. The unregulated discharge of petroleum refinery wastewater (PRW), accidental spills, and ineffective policies have led to severe contamination and increased environmental and health consequences making management and mitigation a priority for everyone. This study evaluated the performance of two biological treatment methods - free-cell microbial consortium and immobilized microbial system - in the remediation of PRW using physicochemical, 2,6-dichlorophenollindophenol (DCPIP), Gas chromatography (GC) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. The effectiveness of the two microbial consortia in reducing concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals (HMs) in the wastewater was compared to determine the most efficient method for treating PRW. The physicochemical result revealed cocktails of contaminants while Alcaligenes faecalis strain SLW6 and strain IAM 12369, and Providencia vermicola strain OP1, showed high degradative capacities. The immobilized and free-cell microbial systems significantly reduced the concentrations of PAHs, and HMs pollutants in the wastewater, with the former showing slightly better removal efficiencies for PAHs (92.97 % vs 87.34 %), heavy metals (99.17 %), and oil weight reduction (87.76 % vs 82.25 %) after the 28-day biodegradation period respectively. GC and FTIR analyses confirmed the formation of various degraded products, demonstrating the microbial consortia's effectiveness in degrading complex organic compounds. The findings highlight the potential of microbial consortia-mediated remediation as an eco-friendly and sustainable approach for treating PRW, contributing to protecting water resources and promoting sustainable practices in the petroleum industry.

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利用微生物协同作用：全面评估以联合体为媒介的石油炼制废水处理生物修复战略

全球对能源的需求不断增长，导致石油和天然气行业不断扩张，使我们的环境面临污染风险。石油炼制废水（PRW）的无序排放、意外泄漏以及无效的政策导致了严重的污染，增加了对环境和健康的影响，因此管理和缓解污染成为每个人的当务之急。本研究采用物理化学、2,6-二氯苯酚（DCPIP）、气相色谱法（GC）和傅立叶变换红外光谱法（FTIR）等技术，评估了两种生物处理方法（自由细胞微生物联合体和固定化微生物系统）在修复炼油厂废水中的性能。比较了两种微生物群在降低废水中多环芳烃（PAHs）和重金属（HMs）浓度方面的效果，以确定最有效的污水处理方法。理化结果显示，鸡尾酒中含有污染物，而粪钙藻菌（Alcaligenes faecalis）菌株 SLW6 和菌株 IAM 12369 以及普罗维登西亚蛭藻（Providencia vermicola）菌株 OP1 则表现出较高的降解能力。在 28 天的生物降解期后，固定化微生物系统和自由细胞微生物系统分别显著降低了废水中多环芳烃和重金属污染物的浓度，前者对多环芳烃（92.97 % 对 87.34 %）、重金属（99.17 %）和油重量降低（87.76 % 对 82.25 %）的去除率略高。气相色谱和傅立叶变换红外分析证实了各种降解产物的形成，证明了微生物群在降解复杂有机化合物方面的有效性。研究结果凸显了以微生物群落为媒介的修复方法作为一种生态友好型可持续方法处理污泥处理厂的潜力，有助于保护水资源和促进石油工业的可持续发展。

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Cleaner Water

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