Advancing West Nile virus monitoring through whole genome sequencing: Insights from a One Health genomic surveillance study in Romagna (Italy)

IF 4.1 2区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

One Health Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI:10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100937

Martina Brandolini , Alessandra Mistral De Pascali , Irene Zaghi , Giorgio Dirani , Silvia Zannoli , Ludovica Ingletto , Antonio Lavazza , Davide Lelli , Michele Dottori , Mattia Calzolari , Massimiliano Guerra , Carlo Biagetti , Francesco Cristini , Paolo Bassi , Rino Biguzzi , Monica Cricca , Alessandra Scagliarini , Vittorio Sambri

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

In the last 6 years, Italy accounted for 36 % of the total autochthonous European West Nile virus (WNV) cases reported to ECDC. Since 2001, the country put in place a multi-species national surveillance plan. The plan was enhanced in 2020 by adopting a fully integrated “One Health” approach, including human, wild bird, equine, and mosquito surveillance for the early detection of WNV. In this context, the systematic acquisition of whole viral genetic information from human patients and animals is fundamental to obtain an in-depth knowledge on the patterns of virus evolution and transmission and to gain insights on the role virus genetics in morbidity and mortality, The purpose of this pilot study was thus to design a One-Health surveillance framework based on the genomic surveillance of WNV circulating at the vector-human-animal interface, in the endemic territory of Romagna (North-Eastern Italy) during the 2023 transmission season. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) analyses confirmed the circulation of WNV lineage 2 showing high nucleotide and amino acid identity of 99.82 % and 99.92 % respectively among viral sequences from human patients, vectors and birds. All the sequences clustered with other Italian strains in the Central and Southern European clade with robust bootstrap support and BLASTn identity exceeding 99.7 %. The highest nucleotide identity was observed with sequences from Emilia-Romagna and Veneto regions (Italy), confirming a local virus circulation and overwintering of WNV lineage 2 with a confined virus spread and no (or limited) external introduction of viral strains. Our results, support the adoption of a One Health approach to WNV surveillance, based on WGS and integrating the clinical diagnosis, epidemiology, and genomic characterisation, to create a suitable operational process for the characterisation of autochthonous and imported Arboviruses circulating in Romagna to effectively integrate the already established surveillance plan.

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通过全基因组测序推进西尼罗河病毒监测：意大利罗马涅 "一个健康 "基因组监测研究的启示

在过去 6 年中，向欧洲疾病控制中心报告的欧洲西尼罗河病毒（WNV）自传播病例总数中，意大利占 36%。自 2001 年以来，意大利实施了一项多物种国家监测计划。2020 年，该计划得到了加强，采用了全面综合的 "统一健康 "方法，包括人类、野鸟、马和蚊子监测，以早期发现西尼罗河病毒。在此背景下，从人类患者和动物身上系统地获取全病毒基因信息对于深入了解病毒进化和传播模式以及深入了解病毒遗传学在发病率和死亡率中的作用至关重要。全基因组测序（WGS）分析证实了 WNV 2 系的流行，在来自人类患者、载体和鸟类的病毒序列中，核苷酸和氨基酸的同一性分别高达 99.82 % 和 99.92 %。所有序列都与中欧和南欧支系中的其他意大利毒株聚类，具有强大的引导支持，BLASTn同一性超过 99.7 %。来自艾米利亚-罗马涅大区和威尼托大区（意大利）的序列具有最高的核苷酸同一性，这证实了 WNV 2 系在当地的病毒循环和越冬，病毒传播范围有限，没有（或仅有少量）从外部引入病毒株。我们的研究结果支持在 WNV 监测中采用 "统一健康"（One Health）方法，以 WGS 为基础，整合临床诊断、流行病学和基因组特征描述，为描述在罗马涅地区流行的本地和外来阿博病毒的特征创建合适的操作流程，从而有效整合已制定的监测计划。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

One Health Medicine-Infectious Diseases

CiteScore

8.10

自引率

4.00%

发文量

审稿时长

18 weeks

期刊介绍： One Health - a Gold Open Access journal. The mission of One Health is to provide a platform for rapid communication of high quality scientific knowledge on inter- and intra-species pathogen transmission, bringing together leading experts in virology, bacteriology, parasitology, mycology, vectors and vector-borne diseases, tropical health, veterinary sciences, pathology, immunology, food safety, mathematical modelling, epidemiology, public health research and emergency preparedness. As a Gold Open Access journal, a fee is payable on acceptance of the paper. Please see the Guide for Authors for more information. Submissions to the following categories are welcome: Virology, Bacteriology, Parasitology, Mycology, Vectors and vector-borne diseases, Co-infections and co-morbidities, Disease spatial surveillance, Modelling, Tropical Health, Discovery, Ecosystem Health, Public Health.