Effects of sintering temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of double-hard-phase TiB2–TiC cermets

IF 5.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Ceramics International Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI:10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.09.428

Fenghua Luo , Meng Fan , Fengdan Xue , Meiyao Liu , Chen Wang , Zikai Wu , Kuangxin Luo , Ning Wu

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Abstract

The mechanical properties and microstructure of double-hard-phase TiB₂–25-wt.%-TiC–20-wt.%-CoNi cermets prepared at different temperatures were investigated by performing scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that the transverse rupture strength, indentation fracture toughness, hardness, and relative density of the cermets reached the maximum values of 1654 MPa, 11.06 MPa m^1/2, 90.1 HRA, and 99.42 %, respectively, when the sintering temperature was 1462 °C. Solid- and liquid-phase sintering occurred at temperatures below and above 1354.5 °C, respectively. The cermets were composed of TiB₂, TiC, TiB, and CoNi phases when sintered at 1440 °C and below, but the TiB phase disappeared when sintered at 1462 °C and above. Both TiB₂ core–(Ti, Co, Ni)B rim and TiC core–(Ti, Co, Ni)C rim structures appeared in cermets sintered at 1440 °C and above. In addition, a few TiC core–(Ti, W)C inner–(Ti, W, Co, Ni)C outer double rim structures were formed. A coherent interface was found between the (Ti, Co, Ni)B rim and TiB₂ core. A thin CoNi amorphous metallic layer existed at the interface between the (Ti, Co, Ni)C rim and TiC core. In addition, amorphous CoNi was observed in the interfacial region between the CoNi binder and (Ti, Co, Ni)C rim phase and inside the CoNi binder phase. These multi-interface and core–rim structures resulted in excellent strength and toughness of the cermets.

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烧结温度对双硬质 TiB2-TiC 金属陶瓷微观结构和机械性能的影响

通过扫描电子显微镜、X 射线衍射和透射电子显微镜，研究了在不同温度下制备的双硬质相 TiB2-25 重量百分比-TiC-20 重量百分比-CoNi 金属陶瓷的力学性能和微观结构。结果表明，当烧结温度为 1462 ℃ 时，金属陶瓷的横向断裂强度、压痕断裂韧性、硬度和相对密度分别达到最大值 1654 MPa、11.06 MPa m1/2、90.1 HRA 和 99.42 %。固相和液相烧结分别发生在低于和高于 1354.5 °C 的温度下。在 1440 ℃ 及以下烧结时，金属陶瓷由 TiB2、TiC、TiB 和 CoNi 相组成，但在 1462 ℃ 及以上烧结时，TiB 相消失。在 1440 ℃ 及以上烧结的金属陶瓷中出现了 TiB2 核心-（Ti、Co、Ni）B 边缘和 TiC 核心-（Ti、Co、Ni）C 边缘结构。此外，还形成了一些 TiC 内核-（Ti，W）C 内-（Ti，W，Co，Ni）C 外双缘结构。在（Ti、Co、Ni）B 边缘和 TiB2 内核之间发现了一个连贯的界面。在（Ti、Co、Ni）C 边缘和 TiC 内核之间的界面上存在一层薄的 CoNi 非晶金属层。此外，在 CoNi 粘合剂和（Ti、Co、Ni）C 边缘相之间的界面区域以及 CoNi 粘合剂相内部也观察到了非晶 CoNi。这些多界面和核心-边缘结构使金属陶瓷具有出色的强度和韧性。

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来源期刊

Ceramics International 工程技术-材料科学：硅酸盐

CiteScore

9.40

自引率

15.40%

发文量

4558

审稿时长

25 days

期刊介绍： Ceramics International covers the science of advanced ceramic materials. The journal encourages contributions that demonstrate how an understanding of the basic chemical and physical phenomena may direct materials design and stimulate ideas for new or improved processing techniques, in order to obtain materials with desired structural features and properties. Ceramics International covers oxide and non-oxide ceramics, functional glasses, glass ceramics, amorphous inorganic non-metallic materials (and their combinations with metal and organic materials), in the form of particulates, dense or porous bodies, thin/thick films and laminated, graded and composite structures. Process related topics such as ceramic-ceramic joints or joining ceramics with dissimilar materials, as well as surface finishing and conditioning are also covered. Besides traditional processing techniques, manufacturing routes of interest include innovative procedures benefiting from externally applied stresses, electromagnetic fields and energetic beams, as well as top-down and self-assembly nanotechnology approaches. In addition, the journal welcomes submissions on bio-inspired and bio-enabled materials designs, experimentally validated multi scale modelling and simulation for materials design, and the use of the most advanced chemical and physical characterization techniques of structure, properties and behaviour. Technologically relevant low-dimensional systems are a particular focus of Ceramics International. These include 0, 1 and 2-D nanomaterials (also covering CNTs, graphene and related materials, and diamond-like carbons), their nanocomposites, as well as nano-hybrids and hierarchical multifunctional nanostructures that might integrate molecular, biological and electronic components.