Zooarchaeological analysis of the Raşcov 7 Upper Palaeolithic site (Republic of Moldova)

Abstract

Raşcov 7 is a site with a rich abundance of archaeological remains and is considered to be one of the earliest sites dating back to the beginning of the second part of the upper Pleniglacial period in the southeast region of the Carpathians. The lithic industry at the site exhibits epiaurignacian characteristics, with some epigravettian pieces also present. In order to gain a deeper understanding of human activities, butchering strategies and territory occupation, this study focuses on a comprehensive zooarchaeological analysis of the faunal remains, including a taphonomic approach. The faunal spectrum at the site is diverse, which could be attributed to the proximity of various environments such as steppe, riparian forest and plateau, all existing within a cold dominant climate. The site is believed to represent several short-term occupations between the end of the warm season and the beginning of the warm season. The primary exploited taxa found at the site are reindeer, horses, and mammoths. The utilization of reindeer and horses was a typical behavior during this period in the area, but it appears to be more intensive than in other sites. In addition, the site may have also seen the exploitation of woolly mammoths and possibly rhinos, suggesting the involvement of specific activities or ethnic groups within the Molodovian cultural area.