Soil organic matter quality in an olive orchard differently managed for 21 years: Insights into its distribution through soil aggregates and depth

IF 6 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI:10.1016/j.agee.2024.109388

Rosangela Addesso , Fabrizio Araniti , Andrea Bloise , Alba N. Mininni , Bartolomeo Dichio , David López-González , Hazem S. Elshafie , Ruth H. Ellerbrock , Laura S. Schnee , Juliane Filser , Domenico Sileo , Adriano Sofo

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Abstract

Among the current global challenges, the research of new practices aimed at mitigating soil impoverishment, exacerbated by the pressing climate changes, is the most urgent. Studying soil organic matter (SOM) ecological dynamics and comparing the conventional intensive farming practices with the emerging alternative sustainable ones can represent a key indicator in soil health investigation, helping to find new guidelines for conservative agrosystems management. In this study, the soil from a Mediterranean olive orchard, with both sustainable (S_mng) and conventional (C_mng) land use for 21 years, was investigated for its physicochemical properties, with a particular attention to the soil organic matter from aggregates (SOM-A) and its interaction and distribution at different soil depths. Significantly higher amounts of total carbon (+50.7 %) and nitrogen (+74.9 %), as well as of SOM-A aromatic component (+76.0 %), were detected in the topsoil layer (0–5 cm) of the S_mng, compared to the C_mng, a sign that the organic matter from surface deeply seeps slowly. This evidence was highlighted especially in micro-aggregates (< 0.063 mm) of the S_mng, compared to the C_mng (C = +59.3 %; N = +86.7 %; SOM-A aromatic component = +87.7 % in the S_mng). This trend was also reflected in an increase in the bacterial abundance and in a different accumulation of organic compounds deriving from microbial fermentation processes in S_mng soil, as highlighted by the SOM-A qualitative characterization by metabolomics. The soil mineralogical analysis showed that minerals maintained a higher crystallinity in the S_mng than in the C_mng, where soil tillage promoted their alteration. Moreover, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis highlighted that soil disturbance in the C_mng can affect SOM distribution, creating different spatial distributions in the particle aggregates and soil depths. Distinguishing SOM quantity, quality, and interaction with mineral components can help to understand its degradability and dynamics, both essential for mitigating the effects of climate change and promoting land protection.

查看原文本刊更多论文

橄榄园土壤有机质的质量，21 年来一直采用不同的管理方式：深入了解有机质在土壤团聚体和深度中的分布情况

在当前的全球挑战中，当务之急是研究旨在缓解因紧迫的气候变化而加剧的土壤贫瘠化的新做法。研究土壤有机质（SOM）的生态动态，并将传统的集约化耕作方式与新兴的替代性可持续耕作方式进行比较，是调查土壤健康状况的一个关键指标，有助于为保守的农业系统管理找到新的指导方针。在这项研究中，对地中海橄榄园的土壤进行了理化性质调查，特别关注了土壤有机质（SOM-A）及其在不同土壤深度的相互作用和分布。在 Smng 的表土层（0-5 厘米）检测到的总碳量（+50.7 %）和总氮量（+74.9 %）以及 SOM-A 芳香成分（+76.0 %）均明显高于 Cmng。与 Cmng（Smng 中 C = +59.3%；N = +86.7%；SOM-A 芳香成分 = +87.7%）相比，Smng 中的微团聚体（< 0.063 mm）尤其突出了这一证据。通过代谢组学对 SOM-A 进行定性分析，Smng 土壤中细菌数量的增加和微生物发酵过程产生的有机化合物的不同积累也反映了这一趋势。土壤矿物学分析表明，Smng 土壤中的矿物质比 Cmng 土壤中的矿物质保持更高的结晶度，而在 Cmng 土壤中，土壤耕作促进了矿物质的改变。此外，傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）分析表明，Cmng 中的土壤扰动会影响 SOM 的分布，在颗粒聚集体和土壤深度中形成不同的空间分布。区分 SOM 的数量、质量以及与矿物成分的相互作用有助于了解其降解性和动态性，这对于减缓气候变化的影响和促进土地保护都是至关重要的。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

11.70

自引率

9.10%

发文量

392

审稿时长

26 days

期刊介绍： Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment publishes scientific articles dealing with the interface between agroecosystems and the natural environment, specifically how agriculture influences the environment and how changes in that environment impact agroecosystems. Preference is given to papers from experimental and observational research at the field, system or landscape level, from studies that enhance our understanding of processes using data-based biophysical modelling, and papers that bridge scientific disciplines and integrate knowledge. All papers should be placed in an international or wide comparative context.