Rapid construction and intrinsic mechanism of host-guest room temperature phosphorescence systems

IF 3.8 3区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Optical Materials Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI:10.1016/j.optmat.2024.116416

Weirao Ji , Yupeng Zhao , Jianmei Guo , Lei Ma , Yongtao Wang

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Abstract

The construction of small molecule host-guest room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) systems usually involved melting, which required low melting point and excellent thermostability for host materials, limiting the selection range of host materials. Here, 2-(3-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)benzyl)malononitrile (L-DCN) and 2-(3-(5H benzo[b]carbazol-5-yl)benzyl)malononitrile (m-BCzCN) were prepared by self-made carbazole and 2-naphthylamine. Based on the side chain with multiple cyanide groups and similar molecular structures between L-DCN and m-BCzCN, crystallization ability of L-DCN and the compatibility between L-DCN and m-BCzCN were significantly enhanced. Thereby, rapid construction of long-lived host-guest RTP systems could be achieved by organic solvent dissolution and rapid evaporation of L-DCN and m-BCzCN. To explore the effects of trace carbazole impurities, DCN with the same structure with L-DCN was preapared by choosing commercial carbazole. Moreover, RTP performance of L-DCN was further optimized by host-guest doping and tuning the mass ratios between polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and L-DCN. Compared with crystals DCN, RTP performance of 1 % L-DCN@PVA was not significantly improved, but 1 % L-DCN/m-BCzCN constructed by dissolution and rapid volatilization showed almost equivalent afterglow lifetimes, with RTP lifetimes of 435.37 ms and quantum yield (Φ_P) of 0.06, achieving the expected goal. Finally, advanced encryptions were successfully constructed based on the different luminescent properties of L-DCN in PVA films at different doping concentrations.

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快速构建主-客室温磷光系统及其内在机制

小分子宿主-宿主室温磷光（RTP）系统的构建通常涉及熔融，这就要求宿主材料具有低熔点和优异的热稳定性，从而限制了宿主材料的选择范围。本研究利用自制的咔唑和 2-萘胺制备了 2-(3-(9H-咔唑-9-基)苄基)丙二腈（L-DCN）和 2-(3-(5H-苯并[b]咔唑-5-基)苄基)丙二腈（m-BCzCN）。由于 L-DCN 和 m-BCzCN 的侧链含有多个氰基，且分子结构相似，因此 L-DCN 的结晶能力和 L-DCN 与 m-BCzCN 的相容性显著提高。因此，通过有机溶剂的溶解和 L-DCN 与 m-BCzCN 的快速蒸发，可以快速构建长寿命的主-客 RTP 系统。为了探究痕量咔唑杂质的影响，我们选用商品咔唑预制备了与 L-DCN 结构相同的 DCN。此外，还通过主客体掺杂和调整聚乙烯醇（PVA）与 L-DCN 的质量比，进一步优化了 L-DCN 的 RTP 性能。与晶体 DCN 相比，1% L-DCN@PVA 的 RTP 性能没有明显改善，但通过溶解和快速挥发构建的 1 % L-DCN/m-BCzCN 的余辉寿命几乎相当，RTP 寿命为 435.37 毫秒，量子产率（ΦP）为 0.06，达到了预期目标。最后，根据 L-DCN 在不同掺杂浓度的 PVA 薄膜中的不同发光特性，成功构建了先进的加密技术。

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来源期刊

Optical Materials 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

6.60

自引率

12.80%

发文量

1265

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： Optical Materials has an open access mirror journal Optical Materials: X, sharing the same aims and scope, editorial team, submission system and rigorous peer review. The purpose of Optical Materials is to provide a means of communication and technology transfer between researchers who are interested in materials for potential device applications. The journal publishes original papers and review articles on the design, synthesis, characterisation and applications of optical materials. OPTICAL MATERIALS focuses on: • Optical Properties of Material Systems; • The Materials Aspects of Optical Phenomena; • The Materials Aspects of Devices and Applications. Authors can submit separate research elements describing their data to Data in Brief and methods to Methods X.