Research and characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. in the domestic cat (Felis catus): First description of C. felis in the state of Goiás and C. muris in the Midwest region of Brazil

IF 1.4 Q3 PARASITOLOGY

Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI:10.1016/j.vprsr.2024.101167

Leda Margarita Castaño Barrios , Lorrayne Honorio de Paula , Fernando Borges Bosso , Vando Edésio Soares , Marcelo Vasconcelos Meireles , Dunya Mara Cardoso Moraes , Guido Fontgalland Coelho Linhares , Jenner Karlisson Pimenta dos Reis , Weslen Fabricio Pires Teixeira , Valéria de Sá Jayme

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

With the increasingly close coexistence between pets and humans, coupled with reports of Cryptosporidium cross-infection between felines and their guardians, research aimed at understanding the epidemiology of these parasites in specific regions has become necessary. The principal objective of this study was to undertake a molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium in fecal samples from felines in the state of Goiás, Brazil (which is unprecedented for the region), and to assess the risk factors involved in the infection of these animals in the aforementioned locale. A total of 95 fecal samples were collected from domestic felines in the municipality of Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil. All the animals involved were categorized by sex (male or female), lifestyle (stray or domiciled), and age (under six months or six months and older). After collection, all fecal aliquots underwent genomic DNA extraction, followed by a nested PCR (nPCR) technique targeting the 18 s rRNA gene. Subsequently, sequencing of all amplified products was performed to diagnose Cryptosporidium parasites. In addition to searching for Cryptosporidium in feces, all felines underwent serological testing for Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) antibodies (IgG) using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Of all the fecal samples analyzed, 17.9 % (17/95) tested positive for the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. DNA, with the variable “age under six months” being the only statistically significant risk factor (p ≤ 0.05) for feline infection. C. felis was the most prevalent species, identified in 88.2 % (15/17) of the positive samples. C. muris was the second most diagnosed species, confirmed in 5.9 % (1/17) of the positive samples. Of all the feline serological samples evaluated, 48.42 % (46/95) were positive for anti-FIV IgG. It was confirmed that 75 % (3/4) of all adult animals positive for Cryptosporidium showed positive (50.00 % [2/4]) or indeterminate (25.00 % [1/4]) results for FIV. This unprecedented study provides the first report of parasites from the genus Cryptosporidium in domestic felines in the state of Goiás, including the first report of C. felis in the state and of C. muris in Midwest Brazil.

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家猫（Felis catus）隐孢子虫属的研究和特征描述：首次描述巴西戈亚斯州的 C. felis 和中西部地区的 C. muris

随着宠物与人类之间的共存日益密切，再加上猫科动物与它们的监护人之间出现隐孢子虫交叉感染的报道，有必要开展研究，以了解这些寄生虫在特定地区的流行病学。本研究的主要目的是对巴西戈亚斯州猫科动物粪便样本中的隐孢子虫进行分子鉴定（这在该地区是前所未有的），并评估上述地区猫科动物感染隐孢子虫的风险因素。我们从巴西戈亚斯州戈亚尼亚市的家猫身上共采集了 95 份粪便样本。所有动物均按性别（雄性或雌性）、生活方式（流浪或定居）和年龄（6 个月以下或 6 个月以上）进行了分类。采集后，对所有粪便等分样品进行基因组 DNA 提取，然后采用针对 18 s rRNA 基因的巢式 PCR（nPCR）技术。随后，对所有扩增产物进行测序，以诊断隐孢子虫寄生虫。除了检测粪便中的隐孢子虫外，所有猫科动物还通过酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）进行了猫免疫缺陷病毒（FIV）抗体（IgG）的血清学检测。在分析的所有粪便样本中，17.9%（17/95）的样本检测出隐孢子虫属 DNA 呈阳性，"年龄小于六个月 "是猫感染的唯一具有统计学意义的风险因素（p ≤ 0.05）。猫孢子菌是最常见的菌种，在 88.2%（15/17）的阳性样本中被鉴定出来。鼠疫杆菌（C. muris）是第二大确诊物种，在 5.9 %（1/17）的阳性样本中得到证实。在所有接受评估的猫科动物血清样本中，48.42 %（46/95）的猫科动物抗 FIV IgG 呈阳性。经证实，在所有隐孢子虫检测呈阳性的成年动物中，有 75 %（3/4）的猫对 FIV 检测呈阳性（50.00 % [2/4]）或不确定（25.00 % [1/4]）。这项史无前例的研究首次报告了戈亚斯州家猫体内的隐孢子虫属寄生虫，包括该州首次报告的猫孢子虫属寄生虫和巴西中西部地区首次报告的鼠孢子虫属寄生虫。

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来源期刊

Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports Multiple-

CiteScore

2.90

自引率

7.10%

发文量

126

审稿时长

97 days

期刊介绍： Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports focuses on aspects of veterinary parasitology that are of regional concern, which is especially important in this era of climate change and the rapid and often unconstrained travel of people and animals. Relative to regions, this journal will accept papers of the highest quality dealing with all aspects of disease prevention, pathology, treatment, epidemiology, and control of parasites within the field of veterinary medicine. Also, case reports will be considered as they add to information related to local disease and its control; such papers must be concise and represent appropriate medical intervention. Papers on veterinary parasitology from wildlife species are acceptable, but only if they relate to the practice of veterinary medicine. Studies on vector-borne bacterial and viral agents are suitable, but only if the paper deals with vector transmission of these organisms to domesticated animals. Studies dealing with parasite control by means of natural products, both in vivo and in vitro, are more suited for one of the many journals that now specialize in papers of this type. However, due to the regional nature of much of this research, submissions may be considered based upon a case being made by the author(s) to the Editor. Circumstances relating to animal experimentation must meet the International Guiding Principles for Biomedical Research Involving Animals as issued by the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (obtainable from: Executive Secretary C.I.O.M.S., c/o W.H.O., Via Appia, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland).