{"title":"Diversity of bacteria within the human gut and its contribution to the functional unity of holobionts.","authors":"Eugene Rosenberg","doi":"10.1038/s41522-024-00580-y","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The composition of bacteria in the human colon has been a subject of interest since the beginning of microbiology. With the development of methods for culturing strict anaerobic bacteria under multiple culture conditions, it was shown the gut contained more than 400 bacterial species and different people harbor different abundant species. The term \"gut microbiome\" in this review refers to bacteria studied in stool samples. Molecular methods for determining the bacterial composition of human gut has revealed more than 3000 species and less than 130 genera, indicating that the diversity of human colonic bacteria is concentrated at the species and strain levels. This review concludes with a discussion of how diversity can lead to unity of individual holobionts, between holobionts, and between populations. One of the reasons for the unity is that different bacterial species can have similar functional genes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19370,"journal":{"name":"npj Biofilms and Microbiomes","volume":"10 1","pages":"134"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11585559/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"npj Biofilms and Microbiomes","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41522-024-00580-y","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
The composition of bacteria in the human colon has been a subject of interest since the beginning of microbiology. With the development of methods for culturing strict anaerobic bacteria under multiple culture conditions, it was shown the gut contained more than 400 bacterial species and different people harbor different abundant species. The term "gut microbiome" in this review refers to bacteria studied in stool samples. Molecular methods for determining the bacterial composition of human gut has revealed more than 3000 species and less than 130 genera, indicating that the diversity of human colonic bacteria is concentrated at the species and strain levels. This review concludes with a discussion of how diversity can lead to unity of individual holobionts, between holobionts, and between populations. One of the reasons for the unity is that different bacterial species can have similar functional genes.
期刊介绍：
npj Biofilms and Microbiomes is a comprehensive platform that promotes research on biofilms and microbiomes across various scientific disciplines. The journal facilitates cross-disciplinary discussions to enhance our understanding of the biology, ecology, and communal functions of biofilms, populations, and communities. It also focuses on applications in the medical, environmental, and engineering domains. The scope of the journal encompasses all aspects of the field, ranging from cell-cell communication and single cell interactions to the microbiomes of humans, animals, plants, and natural and built environments. The journal also welcomes research on the virome, phageome, mycome, and fungome. It publishes both applied science and theoretical work. As an open access and interdisciplinary journal, its primary goal is to publish significant scientific advancements in microbial biofilms and microbiomes. The journal enables discussions that span multiple disciplines and contributes to our understanding of the social behavior of microbial biofilm populations and communities, and their impact on life, human health, and the environment.
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