Impact energy absorption in 3D printed bio-inspired PLA structures

Abstract

3D printing is an effective technique for designing and producing products with unique shapes that cannot be made using traditional methods. Polylactic acid (PLA) filaments, commonly used in 3D printing, are a promised material for fabricating composites and lightweight structures. This study investigates the fracture and damping properties of biodegradable PLA samples with a bio-inspired structure and different density under dynamical (ballistic) loading. PLA samples were fabricated using a 3D printer and a Fusion Deposition Modeling (FDM) method. A unique computer program for cellular samples with Schwartz-Diamond minimal surface topology was developed. The impact absorption energy under ballistic loading of PLA samples with Schwarz-Diamond surface structure was found to depend on their density and impact velocity. The internal structure of 3D-printed PLA cellular samples with a Schwarz-Diamond triply periodic minimal surface and the fracture mechanism of the cellular samples with different densities were demonstrated using scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the fracture mechanism changed from ductile to quasi-brittle with increasing sample density. This work provides a foundation for understanding the fabrication of plastic cellular products using 3D printing.