Perspectives in cattle reproduction for the next 20 years - A European context.

IF 2.4 2区 农林科学 Q3 REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY
Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini, Alan D Crowe, Uxía Yáñez Ramil, Miel Hostens, Geert Opsomer, Mark A Crowe
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Abstract

Following a significant increase in herd and farm sizes after the removal of milk quotas in Europe, the past 10 years have seen a slight yet steady decline in the population of cattle. This includes a reduction of approximately 5 % in dairy and beef cattle. This trend is driven by various factors, such as changing market demands, economic shifts, and sustainability challenges in the livestock sector. Despite this, technological advancements in reproductive management have continued to enhance efficiency and sustainability, particularly in dairy production. The main areas of rapid development, which will continue to grow for improving fertility and management, include: i) genetic selection (including improved phenotypes for use in breeding programs), ii) nutritional management (including transition cow management), iii) control of infectious disease, iv) rapid diagnostics of reproductive health, v) development of more efficient ovulation/estrous synchronization protocols, vi) assisted reproductive management (and automated systems to improve reproductive management), vii) increased implementation of sexed semen and embryo transfer, viii) more efficient handling of substantial volumes of data, ix) routine implementation of artificial intelligence technology for rapid decision-making at the farm level, x) climate change and sustainable cattle production awareness, xi) new (reproductive) strategies to improve cattle welfare, and xii) improved management and technology implementation for male fertility. This review addresses the current status and future outlook of key factors that influence cattle herd health and reproductive performance, with a special focus on dairy cattle. These insights are expected to contribute to improved performance, health, and fertility of ruminants in the next 20 years.

未来 20 年牛的繁殖前景 - 欧洲背景。
欧洲取消牛奶配额后,牛群和牧场规模大幅增加,但在过去 10 年中,牛的数量却出现了轻微但稳定的下降。其中奶牛和肉牛减少了约 5%。造成这一趋势的因素有很多,如不断变化的市场需求、经济转型以及畜牧业面临的可持续发展挑战。尽管如此,繁殖管理方面的技术进步仍在不断提高效率和可持续性,特别是在奶牛生产方面。在提高繁殖力和管理方面将继续快速发展的主要领域包括i) 基因选择(包括用于育种计划的改良表型),ii) 营养管理(包括过渡期奶牛管理),iii) 传染病控制,iv) 生殖健康快速诊断,v) 制定更有效的排卵/发情同步方案,vi) 辅助生殖管理(以及改善生殖管理的自动化系统)、vii) 更多地实施性别化精液和胚胎移植;viii) 更有效地处理大量数据;ix) 常规实施人工智能技术,以便在农场一级快速决策;x) 气候变化和牛的可持续生产意识;xi) 改善牛福利的新(繁殖)战略;xii) 改善雄性繁殖力的管理和技术实施。本综述探讨了影响牛群健康和繁殖性能的关键因素的现状和未来展望,并特别关注奶牛。预计这些见解将有助于在未来 20 年内提高反刍动物的性能、健康和繁殖力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Theriogenology
Theriogenology 农林科学-生殖生物学
CiteScore
5.50
自引率
14.30%
发文量
387
审稿时长
72 days
期刊介绍: Theriogenology provides an international forum for researchers, clinicians, and industry professionals in animal reproductive biology. This acclaimed journal publishes articles on a wide range of topics in reproductive and developmental biology, of domestic mammal, avian, and aquatic species as well as wild species which are the object of veterinary care in research or conservation programs.
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