Outdoor mesoscale fabricated ecosystems: Rationale, design, and application to evapotranspiration.

IF 8.2 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Science of the Total Environment Pub Date : 2024-12-20 Epub Date: 2024-11-27 DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.177565
L Peruzzo, C Chou, S S Hubbard, E Brodie, S Uhlemann, B Dafflon, S Wielandt, B Mary, G Cassiani, A Morales, Y Wu
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The disparity in scale, complexity, and control level between laboratory experiments and field observational studies has shaped both the methodologies employed and the nature of the research questions pursued in ecology and hydrology. While lysimeters and fabricated ecosystems suitably fit in this gap, their use as mesoscale experimental facilities has not been fully explored because of the limited manipulating capabilities and integration with imaging and monitoring methods, particularly for soil functioning. The proposed fabricated ecosystem (4.7 L × 1.2 W × 1.2 H m) focuses on the spatiotemporal integration of point sensors and imaging methods along the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum. Because energy and water fluxes are key environmental drivers, the designed setup was first applied to a multi-approach evapotranspiration investigation. Below the ground, electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) was combined with soil water sensors and a distributed temperature profiling system. Together, they provided the 3D monitoring of water and temperature changes, and thus an estimation of the evapotranspiration, as well as the interpretation of its below-ground controlling processes. Above-ground sensors supported a classical energy balance investigation that was compared with the lysimeter load changes and the ERT-based ET estimation. Our results provide first experimental evidence of water and temperature spatiotemporal variability at the lysimeter scale, and thus explain the discrepancies among the three estimated evapotranspiration time series and their seasonality. Beyond evapotranspiration, the multi-approach investigation of water and energy fluxes emphasizes how mesoscale setups can further support the development and upscaling of methods and models, as well as their integration and application under expected climate disturbances.

室外中尺度人造生态系统:原理、设计和在蒸发蒸腾中的应用。
实验室实验与野外观测研究在规模、复杂性和控制水平上的差异,决定了生态学和水文学所采用的方法以及研究问题的性质。虽然溶胞仪和人造生态系统可以很好地弥补这一不足,但由于它们的操控能力以及与成像和监测方法(尤其是土壤功能监测方法)的整合能力有限,因此它们作为中尺度实验设施的用途尚未得到充分探索。拟议中的人造生态系统(4.7 长 × 1.2 宽 × 1.2 高米)重点关注土壤-植物-大气连续体中点传感器和成像方法的时空整合。由于能量和水通量是关键的环境驱动因素,所设计的装置首先应用于多途径蒸散调查。在地下,电阻率层析成像(ERT)与土壤水分传感器和分布式温度曲线系统相结合。它们共同对水分和温度变化进行三维监测,从而估算出蒸散量,并解释其地下控制过程。地面传感器支持经典的能量平衡研究,该研究与渗滤池负荷变化和基于 ERT 的蒸散发估算进行了比较。我们的研究结果首次提供了赖氨酸尺度上水和温度时空变化的实验证据,从而解释了三种估算的蒸散量时间序列之间的差异及其季节性。除了蒸散量之外,对水和能量通量的多方法研究还强调了中尺度设置如何进一步支持方法和模型的开发和升级,以及在预期气候干扰下的集成和应用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Science of the Total Environment
Science of the Total Environment 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
17.60
自引率
10.20%
发文量
8726
审稿时长
2.4 months
期刊介绍: The Science of the Total Environment is an international journal dedicated to scientific research on the environment and its interaction with humanity. It covers a wide range of disciplines and seeks to publish innovative, hypothesis-driven, and impactful research that explores the entire environment, including the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and anthroposphere. The journal's updated Aims & Scope emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary environmental research with broad impact. Priority is given to studies that advance fundamental understanding and explore the interconnectedness of multiple environmental spheres. Field studies are preferred, while laboratory experiments must demonstrate significant methodological advancements or mechanistic insights with direct relevance to the environment.
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