Long-Range Supramolecular Assembly of a Pyrene-Derivatized Polythiophene/MWCNT Hybrid for Resilient Flexible Electrochromic Displays

ACS Applied Engineering Materials Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI:10.1021/acsaenm.4c0053410.1021/acsaenm.4c00534

Rúben R. Ferreira, Dario Mosca, Tiago Moreira, Vivek Chandrakant Wakchaure, Gianvito Romano, Antoine Stopin, Carlos Pinheiro, Alexander M. T. Luci, Luís M. A. Perdigão, Giovanni Costantini, Heinz Amenitsch, Cesar A. T. Laia, A. Jorge Parola, Laura Maggini* and Davide Bonifazi*,

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Abstract

Organic electrochromic polymers hold great potential for integration into low-power flexible electrochromic displays (F-ECDs) due to their wide range of colors and simple processing. However, challenges such as inefficient charge transfer and degradation upon device integration hinder their practical applications. Herein, we report an innovative, general approach that utilizes template-induced supramolecular nanostructuring to engineer established electrochromic polymers, enhancing their performance and durability. We modified a well-known, albeit underperforming in F-ECDs, poly-thiophene polymer (ECP Orange; PT) by incorporating a pyrene appendage, resulting in a copolymer (PTPy) capable of undergoing large-scale assembly in the presence of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), driven by the establishment of π–π interactions between the pyrene and the MWCNTs (PTPy/MWCNTs). F-ECDs based on these hybrids, produced by spray coating, exhibit improved color switching speeds (t₉₀^OX = 3.6 s, t₉₀^RED = 0.3 s) compared to those of the PT polymer (t₉₀^OX = 53.2 s, t₉₀^RED = 2.5 s). Additionally, PTPy/MWCNTs F-ECDs demonstrate longer cyclability (half-life based on ΔE, ΔE_50% = 17.6k cycles) compared to PT (ΔE_50% = 278 cycles), also when blended with MWCNTs (ΔE_50% = 282 cycles). This work highlights the pivotal role of engineered supramolecular nanostructuring in boosting the performance of organic electrochromic materials, making them suitable for F-ECD scalable commercial applications.

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用于弹性柔性电致变色显示器的芘衍生化聚噻吩/MWCNT 混合体的长程超分子组装

有机电致变色聚合物具有色彩范围广、加工简单等特点，在集成到低功耗柔性电致变色显示器（F-ECD）中具有巨大潜力。然而，电荷转移效率低和器件集成后的降解等挑战阻碍了它们的实际应用。在此，我们报告了一种创新的通用方法，它利用模板诱导的超分子纳米结构来设计成熟的电致变色聚合物，从而提高它们的性能和耐用性。我们改造了一种著名的聚噻吩聚合物（ECP Orange；PT），虽然这种聚合物在 F-ECD 中表现不佳，但我们在其中加入了芘附属物，在芘和多壁碳纳米管（MWCNTs）之间建立 π-π 相互作用（PTPy/MWCNTs）的驱动下，这种共聚物（PTPy）能够在多壁碳纳米管（MWCNTs）的存在下进行大规模组装。与 PT 聚合物（t90OX = 53.2 秒，t90RED = 2.5 秒）相比，通过喷涂生产的基于这些混合物的 F-ECD 显示出更好的颜色切换速度（t90OX = 3.6 秒，t90RED = 0.3 秒）。此外，与 PT 聚合物（ΔE50% = 278 次循环）相比，PTPy/MWCNTs F-ECDs 具有更长的循环性（基于 ΔE 的半衰期，ΔE50% = 17.6k 次循环），与 MWCNTs 混合时也是如此（ΔE50% = 282 次循环）。这项工作凸显了工程超分子纳米结构在提高有机电致变色材料性能方面的关键作用，使其适用于可扩展的 F-ECD 商业应用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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ACS Applied Engineering Materials 材料科学-

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期刊介绍： ACS Applied Engineering Materials is an international and interdisciplinary forum devoted to original research covering all aspects of engineered materials complementing the ACS Applied Materials portfolio. Papers that describe theory simulation modeling or machine learning assisted design of materials and that provide new insights into engineering applications are welcomed. The journal also considers experimental research that includes novel methods of preparing characterizing and evaluating new materials designed for timely applications. With its focus on innovative applications ACS Applied Engineering Materials also complements and expands the scope of existing ACS publications that focus on materials science discovery including Biomacromolecules Chemistry of Materials Crystal Growth & Design Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research Inorganic Chemistry Langmuir and Macromolecules.The scope of ACS Applied Engineering Materials includes high quality research of an applied nature that integrates knowledge in materials science engineering physics mechanics and chemistry.