The evaluation of earwax as a noninvasive specimen to determine livestock exposure to death camas (Zigadenus paniculatus)

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q2 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

Toxicon Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI:10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.108181

Stephen T. Lee, Clinton A. Stonecipher, Kevin D. Welch, Daniel Cook

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Abstract

Foothill death camas (Z. paniculatus) grows on the foothill ranges of western North America and is acutely toxic to livestock grazing these ranges. The toxic alkaloids in foothill death camas are zygadenine and a series of zygadenine esters, with zygacine, the 3-acetyl ester of zygadenine, being the most abundant. In this study, earwax was evaluated as a specimen to determine livestock exposure to foothill death camas. Death camas alkaloids were detected in the earwax of sheep administered oral doses of foothill death camas alkaloids. In addition, death camas alkaloids were detected in the earwax of sheep that grazed rangeland with abundant death camas. This study demonstrates the potential of earwax as a noninvasive specimen for chemical analyses to aid in the diagnosis of livestock that may have been exposed to and poisoned by death camas. The results from this study indicate that diagnosticians should analyze for zygacine and zygadenine in the earwax of livestock suspected to have been poisoned by foothill death camas.

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将耳垢作为非侵入性标本进行评估，以确定牲畜是否接触过死亡茶花（Zigadenus paniculatus）。

山麓死亡骆驼（Z. paniculatus）生长在北美西部的山麓山脉，对在这些山脉放牧的牲畜有剧毒。山麓死亡骆驼中的有毒生物碱是颧腺宁和一系列颧腺宁酯，其中以颧腺宁的 3-乙酰酯颧腺宁含量最高。在这项研究中，对耳垢作为标本进行了评估，以确定牲畜是否接触了山麓死亡骆驼。在绵羊的耳垢中检测到了死亡骆驼生物碱。此外，在有大量死亡骆驼的牧场上放牧的羊的耳垢中也检测到了死亡骆驼生物碱。这项研究证明了耳垢作为一种非侵入性标本的潜力，可用于化学分析，帮助诊断可能接触过死亡骆驼草并被其毒害的牲畜。这项研究的结果表明，诊断人员应该对怀疑被山麓死亡骆驼毒害的牲畜耳垢中的齐加辛和齐加腺嘌呤进行分析。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Toxicon 医学-毒理学

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

10.70%

发文量

358

审稿时长

68 days

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