Rising Anode-Free Lithium-Sulfur batteries

Abstract

Anode-free batteries (AFBs) represent a paradigm shift in battery architecture, eschewing conventional metal anodes in favor of current collectors (CCs). This innovative approach promises heightened energy densities, reduced manufacturing costs, and diminished environmental impact compared to traditional metal batteries. A particularly promising subset of AFBs are anode-free lithium-sulfur batteries (AFLSBs), which have garnered substantial attention due to their exceptional theoretical energy density, sulfur’s abundance, and potential cost advantages. This mini-review encapsulates the recent studies in AFLSB research, elucidating key challenges and breakthroughs. The absence of a lithium (Li) metal anode mitigates safety concerns and maximizes cell energy density. However, successful Li plating on the CC necessitates a lithiophilic surface and a meticulously engineered solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). To surmount these obstacles, researchers are exploring a plethora of strategies, encompassing surface modifications, electrolyte additives, and cathode engineering. Promising results have been realized through metal coatings on CCs, utilization of 3D CCs, and incorporation of lithium polysulfide scavengers. Additionally, quasi-solid-state electrolytes offer enhanced safety and potentially augmented AFLSB performance. AFLSB research is a rapidly developing field with significant advancements being made. These breakthroughs hold the potential to usher in a new era of high-performance and sustainable energy storage solutions.