Investigating secondary ice production in a deep convective cloud with a 3D bin microphysics model: Part II - Effects on the cloud formation and development

IF 4.5 2区地球科学 Q1 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Atmospheric Research Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI:10.1016/j.atmosres.2024.107797

Pierre Grzegorczyk , Wolfram Wobrock , Antoine Canzi , Laurence Niquet , Frédéric Tridon , Céline Planche

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Secondary ice production (SIP) leads to the formation of new ice particles from preexisting ones. Besides generating ice crystals, SIP can also influence cloud characteristics, including convection, precipitation, and even radiative properties. This study examines the effect of ice crystal formation by Hallett-Mossop, fragmentation of freezing drops, and fragmentation due to ice–ice collision processes in an idealized deep convective cloud observed during the HAIC/HIWC campaign, using the 3D bin microphysics scheme DESCAM. Our results indicate that heterogeneous ice nucleation and fragmentation of freezing drops play a role during the early formation of the cloud while after that, Hallett-Mossop and ice-ice breakup processes dominate, representing 17.6 % and 81.5 % of the ice crystal production, for temperatures warmer than −30°C. For temperatures colder than −30°C, homogeneous and heterogeneous ice nucleation processes are the main contributors to ice crystal formation. The impact of each SIP process on particle size distributions is analyzed by tracking air parcel trajectories. This study also shows the effect of SIP processes on cloud development. Implementing SIP results in a decrease in cloud top altitude by around 1.5 km. Our analysis shows that this effect is caused by increased latent heat released below 11 km, resulting from a stronger vapor deposition on more numerous ice crystals. This enhances convection at lower levels but inhibits it above. Furthermore, incorporating SIP leads to 15 % decrease in total precipitation amount and 25 % reduction of intense rainfall (accumulated precipitation over 40 mm). Hence, our study emphasizes the importance of SIP mechanisms in cloud development and precipitation.

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利用 3D bin 微物理模型研究深对流云中的二次产冰：第二部分 - 对云的形成和发展的影响

二次产冰（SIP）是指在原有冰粒的基础上形成新的冰粒。除了生成冰晶，二次产冰还会影响云的特性，包括对流、降水甚至辐射特性。本研究利用三维 bin 微物理方案 DESCAM，研究了 HAIC/HIWC 活动期间观测到的理想化深对流云中 Hallett-Mossop 形成冰晶、冰冻水滴破碎以及冰-冰碰撞过程导致的破碎的影响。我们的研究结果表明，在云的早期形成过程中，冰滴的异质成核和碎裂起了作用，而在此之后，Hallett-Mossop 和冰-冰破裂过程占主导地位，在温度高于 -30°C 的情况下，这两个过程分别占冰晶生成的 17.6% 和 81.5%。在温度低于-30°C 时，均质和异质冰核形成过程是冰晶形成的主要因素。通过跟踪空气包裹轨迹，分析了每个 SIP 过程对粒度分布的影响。这项研究还显示了 SIP 过程对云层发展的影响。实施 SIP 会导致云顶高度降低约 1.5 千米。我们的分析表明，造成这种影响的原因是 11 千米以下释放的潜热增加，这是因为更多冰晶上的水汽沉积更强。这增强了低空的对流，但抑制了高空的对流。此外，加入 SIP 后，降水总量减少了 15%，强降水（累计降水量超过 40 毫米）减少了 25%。因此，我们的研究强调了 SIP 机制在云的发展和降水中的重要性。

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来源期刊

Atmospheric Research 地学-气象与大气科学

CiteScore

9.40

自引率

10.90%

发文量

460

审稿时长

47 days

期刊介绍： The journal publishes scientific papers (research papers, review articles, letters and notes) dealing with the part of the atmosphere where meteorological events occur. Attention is given to all processes extending from the earth surface to the tropopause, but special emphasis continues to be devoted to the physics of clouds, mesoscale meteorology and air pollution, i.e. atmospheric aerosols; microphysical processes; cloud dynamics and thermodynamics; numerical simulation, climatology, climate change and weather modification.