[HIV mortality trends in Mexico, 2000-2022].

Abstract

Background: About 39 million people are living with HIV worldwide, 62% of people living with HIV receive antiretroviral therapy. The combination of ART has allowed suppression of viral replication and disease progression, decreasing mortality.

Objective: To analyze HIV trends in Mexico during the period 2000-2022.

Material and methods: An ecological study of deaths due to HIV during the period 2000 to 2022 was carried out. Mortality rates were adjusted by the direct method and joinpoint regression was used to analyze trends and estimate the annual percentage change.

Results: The national HIV mortality rate was 0.05 per 100,000 population while in 2022 it decreased to 0.04 per 100,000 population. Trend analysis identified two points of change, with a significant reduction in mortality rates at the national level in the period 2007-2022 and a subsequent decrease in mortality. At the state level, there were variations in trends with some states showing significant increases at the end of the study period, such as Jalisco, Campeche, and Quintana Roo. Changes by sex were heterogeneous.

Conclusions: Reductions in HIV mortality rates are limited to some states of the country, so it is necessary to implement health strategies according to social, economic, and cultural characteristics and with a gender perspective.