Nurses' perspectives on old age and caring for adults aged 80 years and older: a cross-sectional study in long-term care.

Abstract

Background: Older care receivers of long-term care at home or in residential care are in sustained and close contact with nurses. Consequently, nurses' attitudes towards older adults and their care influences the quality of the delivered care. There is a dearth of research on long-term care nurses' attitudes towards older adults. We aimed to investigate Austrian long-term care (residential care and home care) nurses' attitudes towards adults 80 + and towards geriatric care, as well as possible influencing factors like personal and professional contact with older adults.

Methods: An online survey using a cross-sectional design was carried out in fall 2023 with a convenience sample of 875 Austrian nurses (qualified nurses, specialised nurses, nurses without diploma). The questionnaire included three scales: (1) The Aging Semantic Differential which measures general attitudes towards older adults, (2) the Perspectives on Caring for Older People Scale, and (3) the Positive/Negative Contact Scales.

Results: Nurses were found to hold neutral to positive attitudes towards adults 80 + and their care. Attitudes towards older adults and their care were positively influenced by positive contact experiences and few negative experiences in their work environment. Nurses in home care had significantly more positive contact with care receivers and held more positive attitudes towards adults 80 + than residential care nurses.

Conclusion: These results suggest that intergenerational contact can positively impact attitudes of nurses towards older care receivers. In order to further facilitate positive attitudes, it is recommended to create positive contact opportunities between nurses and care receivers by, for example, implementing intergenerational educational interventions.