A cross-sectional comparison of the association between self-reported sources of stress and psychological distress among Canadian undergraduate and graduate students.

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to (1) descriptively compare stressors experienced by postsecondary students at the undergraduate versus graduate levels of study, and (2) evaluate the relationship between stressors and psychological distress, controlling for the effects of level of study. Participants: Undergraduate (n = 3774) and graduate (n = 889) students across 15 Canadian universities who completed the Post-Secondary Student Index electronic survey in October of 2020. Methods: Mean severity score for stressors were compared between level of study. Regression analyses evaluated the association of student specific stressors and overall stress. Results: Undergraduate students generally had higher levels of perceived stress compared to graduate students, notably in areas of academics, the learning environment, and campus culture. Multiple stressors were associated with an increase in stress; a prior mental health diagnosis was the main predictor in increased stress. Conclusions: Stressors differed between level of study. Results can inform supports, particularly regarding exams/assignments weighing and communication of expectations for institutions.