Olive mill wastewater treatment using vertical flow constructed wetlands (VFCWs)

IF 4.3 2区化学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

BMC Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI:10.1186/s13065-024-01348-3

Muna Abu-Dalo, Duaa Abu-Dalo, Maha Halalsheh, Abeer Al Bawab

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Abstract

The study explores a synergistic two-phase system to treat olive mill wastewater (OMW), comprising a multilayer adsorbent filter (pretreatment) and a vertical flow constructed wetland (VFCW). The pretreatment phase includes layers of commercial granular activated carbon (CGAC) and volcanic tuff (VT), while the VFCW phase consists of planted tank with Phragmites australis reeds and unplanted tanks. Initially, municipal wastewater is introduced into the VFCW to establish the required microbial community. Then, pre-treated OMW is passed through the VFCW. The removal rates of various pollutants were assessed. The planted VFCW showed superior removal efficiencies, averaging 97.82% for total chemical oxygen demand (COD_T), 92.78% for dissolved oxygen demand (COD_d), 99.61% for total phenolic compounds (TPC), 98.94% for total nitrogen (TN), 96.96% for ammonium, and 95.83% for nitrate. In contrast, the unplanted VFCW displayed lower removal efficiencies, averaging 91.47% for COD_T, 77.82% for COD_d, 98.53% for TPC, 97.51% for TN, 92.04% for ammonium, and 90.82% for nitrate. These findings highlight the significant potential of VFCWs, which offer an integrated approach to OMW treatment by incorporating physical, chemical, and biological mechanisms within a single treatment system.

Graphical Abstract

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利用垂直流人工湿地（VFCWs）处理橄榄种植园废水

该研究探索了一种处理橄榄油厂废水（OMW）的两相协同系统，包括一个多层吸附过滤器（预处理）和一个垂直流人工湿地（VFCW）。预处理阶段包括多层商用颗粒活性炭 (CGAC) 和火山凝灰岩 (VT)，而垂直流湿地阶段则由种植有芦苇的水槽和未种植芦苇的水槽组成。最初，城市污水被引入 VFCW，以建立所需的微生物群落。然后，预处理过的 OMW 通过 VFCW。对各种污染物的去除率进行了评估。种植的 VFCW 显示出卓越的去除率，平均化学需氧量（CODT）去除率为 97.82%，溶解氧需求量（CODd）去除率为 92.78%，总酚类化合物（TPC）去除率为 99.61%，总氮（TN）去除率为 98.94%，铵去除率为 96.96%，硝酸盐去除率为 95.83%。相比之下，未种植的 VFCW 的去除率较低，平均 CODT 去除率为 91.47%，CODd 去除率为 77.82%，TPC 去除率为 98.53%，TN 去除率为 97.51%，铵去除率为 92.04%，硝酸盐去除率为 90.82%。这些研究结果突显了 VFCWs 的巨大潜力，它通过在单一处理系统中整合物理、化学和生物机制，为 OMW 处理提供了一种综合方法。

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来源期刊

BMC Chemistry Chemistry-General Chemistry

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

2.20%

发文量

审稿时长

27 weeks

期刊介绍： BMC Chemistry, formerly known as Chemistry Central Journal, is now part of the BMC series journals family. Chemistry Central Journal has served the chemistry community as a trusted open access resource for more than 10 years – and we are delighted to announce the next step on its journey. In January 2019 the journal has been renamed BMC Chemistry and now strengthens the BMC series footprint in the physical sciences by publishing quality articles and by pushing the boundaries of open chemistry.