Elevating the games: the future of the Olympics and Paralympics at higher altitudes

Abstract

Climate change and global warming may prompt the relocation of future Summer and Winter Olympic/Paralympic Games to higher elevations, driven by the pursuit of sustainability and emerging health concerns for athletes.1 This shift could be motivated by the quest for safer environmental conditions, aiming to reduce thermal stress in Summer Olympics/Paralympics or ensure adequate snow conditions in Winter Games. While the Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games have traditionally been held during the hot summer season in the northern hemisphere, relocating the competition to a different time of year could lead to safer environmental conditions, even at sea level. Organising the 2022 FIFA World Cup in winter in Qatar, instead of during the hottest months, serves as a notable example. However, rescheduling the Summer Games may lead to scheduling conflicts with other major sporting events, reducing global participation and viewership, while also disrupting athletes’ training cycles and potentially impacting their performance. With the exception of Mexico City in 1968, situated at an altitude of 2300 metres above sea level, no other Summer Olympic/Paralympic Games have been held at altitudes exceeding 530 metres (Munich in 1972).2 A thorough investigation is needed to understand the impact of moderate terrestrial altitude on various sports and the required athletic preparations for optimal performance at higher elevations. Essentially, the argument centres on altitude providing a cooler and more moderate climate, addressing challenges posed by extreme heat in …