{"title":"Reaction behavior of solid acid catalytic cellulose acetylation","authors":"Erdong Gao, Qianqian Li, Xuejuan Zhao, Chenhang Zhang, Zelin Hua, Zhenyu Wu, Chen Huang, Licheng Li","doi":"10.1007/s10570-024-06213-z","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Substituting solid acid for liquid acid to catalyze the cellulose acetylation can simplify the conventional production process and make it environmentally friendly, but the related technique remains at the research stage. The unclear reaction behavior of solid acid catalytic cellulose acetylation results in limited success of previous efforts and measures. In the present work, SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> solid acid was used as the research object in comparison with H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>. Various characterization results demonstrate that the reaction behavior of cellulose acetylation catalyzed by SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> is completely different from that by H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>. SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> is limited to the outer surface of cellulose for catalytic acetylation through solid-to-solid contact, while H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> can penetrate into the cellulose interior for internal and external simultaneous acetylation. The superficial cellulose molecular chains undergo partial acetylation by SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> catalysis and subsequently dissolve in acetate acid, followed by being further catalytic acetylated. The subsurface cellulose molecular chains are exposed to interact with SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>/TiO<sub>2</sub> for subsequent round of acetylation till the depletion of the celluloses. Based on the present research result of reaction behavior, it is clarified that the efficiency of solid acid catalytic cellulose acetylation is mainly determined by the micron-scale morphological limitation between solid acid and cellulose rather than the intrinsic catalytic activity of solid acid.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":511,"journal":{"name":"Cellulose","volume":"31 17","pages":"10285 - 10302"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Cellulose","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10570-024-06213-z","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, PAPER & WOOD","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Substituting solid acid for liquid acid to catalyze the cellulose acetylation can simplify the conventional production process and make it environmentally friendly, but the related technique remains at the research stage. The unclear reaction behavior of solid acid catalytic cellulose acetylation results in limited success of previous efforts and measures. In the present work, SO42−/TiO2 solid acid was used as the research object in comparison with H2SO4. Various characterization results demonstrate that the reaction behavior of cellulose acetylation catalyzed by SO42−/TiO2 is completely different from that by H2SO4. SO42−/TiO2 is limited to the outer surface of cellulose for catalytic acetylation through solid-to-solid contact, while H2SO4 can penetrate into the cellulose interior for internal and external simultaneous acetylation. The superficial cellulose molecular chains undergo partial acetylation by SO42−/TiO2 catalysis and subsequently dissolve in acetate acid, followed by being further catalytic acetylated. The subsurface cellulose molecular chains are exposed to interact with SO42−/TiO2 for subsequent round of acetylation till the depletion of the celluloses. Based on the present research result of reaction behavior, it is clarified that the efficiency of solid acid catalytic cellulose acetylation is mainly determined by the micron-scale morphological limitation between solid acid and cellulose rather than the intrinsic catalytic activity of solid acid.
期刊介绍：
Cellulose is an international journal devoted to the dissemination of research and scientific and technological progress in the field of cellulose and related naturally occurring polymers. The journal is concerned with the pure and applied science of cellulose and related materials, and also with the development of relevant new technologies. This includes the chemistry, biochemistry, physics and materials science of cellulose and its sources, including wood and other biomass resources, and their derivatives. Coverage extends to the conversion of these polymers and resources into manufactured goods, such as pulp, paper, textiles, and manufactured as well natural fibers, and to the chemistry of materials used in their processing. Cellulose publishes review articles, research papers, and technical notes.
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