Diagnostic electron microscopy in human infectious diseases - Methods and applications.

IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Q3 MICROSCOPY
Michael Laue
{"title":"Diagnostic electron microscopy in human infectious diseases - Methods and applications.","authors":"Michael Laue","doi":"10.1111/jmi.13370","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diagnostic electron microscopy (EM) is indispensable in all cases of infectious diseases which deserve or profit from the detection of the entire pathogen (i.e. the infectious unit). The focus of its application has shifted during the last decades from routine diagnostics to diagnostics of special cases, emergencies and the investigation of disease pathogenesis. While the focus of application has changed, the methods remain more or less the same. However, since the number of cases for diagnostic EM has declined as the number of laboratories that are able to perform such investigations, the preservation of the present knowledge is important. The aim of this article is to provide a review of the methods and strategies which are useful for diagnostic EM related to infectious diseases in our days. It also addresses weaknesses as well as useful variants or extensions of established methods. The main techniques, negative staining and thin section EM, are described in detail with links to suitable protocols and more recent improvements, such as thin section EM of small volume suspensions. Sample collection, transport and conservation/inactivation are discussed. Strategies of sample examination and requirements for a proper recognition of structures are outlined. Finally, some examples for the actual application of diagnostic EM related to infectious diseases are presented. The outlook section will discuss recent trends in microscopy, such as automated object recognition by machine learning, regarding their potential in supporting diagnostic EM.</p>","PeriodicalId":16484,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microscopy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of microscopy","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jmi.13370","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"MICROSCOPY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Diagnostic electron microscopy (EM) is indispensable in all cases of infectious diseases which deserve or profit from the detection of the entire pathogen (i.e. the infectious unit). The focus of its application has shifted during the last decades from routine diagnostics to diagnostics of special cases, emergencies and the investigation of disease pathogenesis. While the focus of application has changed, the methods remain more or less the same. However, since the number of cases for diagnostic EM has declined as the number of laboratories that are able to perform such investigations, the preservation of the present knowledge is important. The aim of this article is to provide a review of the methods and strategies which are useful for diagnostic EM related to infectious diseases in our days. It also addresses weaknesses as well as useful variants or extensions of established methods. The main techniques, negative staining and thin section EM, are described in detail with links to suitable protocols and more recent improvements, such as thin section EM of small volume suspensions. Sample collection, transport and conservation/inactivation are discussed. Strategies of sample examination and requirements for a proper recognition of structures are outlined. Finally, some examples for the actual application of diagnostic EM related to infectious diseases are presented. The outlook section will discuss recent trends in microscopy, such as automated object recognition by machine learning, regarding their potential in supporting diagnostic EM.

诊断性电子显微镜在人类传染病中的应用--方法与应用。
诊断性电子显微镜(EM)在所有传染病病例中都是不可或缺的,因为这些病例需要检测整个病原体(即传染单元)或从中获益。在过去的几十年中,电子显微镜的应用重点已从常规诊断转向特殊病例、紧急情况的诊断和疾病发病机制的研究。虽然应用重点发生了变化,但方法却大致相同。不过,由于需要进行电磁诊断的病例数量减少,能够进行此类检查的实验室数量也随之减少,因此保留现有知识非常重要。本文旨在对当今与传染病有关的诊断性电磁学方法和策略进行综述。文章还讨论了现有方法的弱点以及有用的变体或扩展。文章详细介绍了阴性染色和薄片 EM 等主要技术,并链接了合适的方案和最新的改进,如小体积悬浮液的薄片 EM。还讨论了样本的采集、运输和保存/灭活。概述了样品检查策略和正确识别结构的要求。最后,介绍了一些与传染病有关的电磁诊断实际应用实例。展望部分将讨论显微镜的最新趋势,如通过机器学习自动识别物体,以及它们在支持诊断性电磁学方面的潜力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
Journal of microscopy
Journal of microscopy 工程技术-显微镜技术
CiteScore
4.30
自引率
5.00%
发文量
83
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Microscopy is the oldest journal dedicated to the science of microscopy and the only peer-reviewed publication of the Royal Microscopical Society. It publishes papers that report on the very latest developments in microscopy such as advances in microscopy techniques or novel areas of application. The Journal does not seek to publish routine applications of microscopy or specimen preparation even though the submission may otherwise have a high scientific merit. The scope covers research in the physical and biological sciences and covers imaging methods using light, electrons, X-rays and other radiations as well as atomic force and near field techniques. Interdisciplinary research is welcome. Papers pertaining to microscopy are also welcomed on optical theory, spectroscopy, novel specimen preparation and manipulation methods and image recording, processing and analysis including dynamic analysis of living specimens. Publication types include full papers, hot topic fast tracked communications and review articles. Authors considering submitting a review article should contact the editorial office first.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信