Evaluation of waning of IgG antibody responses after rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP and Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo Ebola virus disease vaccines: a modelling study from the PREVAC randomized trial.

IF 8.4 2区医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY

Emerging Microbes & Infections Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-09 DOI:10.1080/22221751.2024.2432353

Simon Valayer, Marie Alexandre, Mélanie Prague, Abdoul Habib Beavogui, Seydou Doumbia, Mark Kieh, Brian Greenwood, Bailah Leigh, Marie Poupelin, Christine Schwimmer, Samba O Sow, Irina Maljkovic Berry, Jens H Kuhn, Daniela Fusco, Natasha Dubois Cauwelaert, Deborah Watson-Jones, Rodolphe Thiébaut, Yves Lévy, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Laura Richert, Edouard Lhomme

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP and Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo are WHO-prequalified vaccination regimens against Ebola virus disease (EVD). Challenges associated with measuring long-term clinical protection warrant the evaluation of immune response kinetics after vaccination. Data from a large phase 2 randomized double-blind clinical trial (PREVAC) were used to evaluate waning of anti-Ebola virus (EBOV) glycoprotein (GP_1,2) antibody concentrations after rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP or Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo vaccination with linear mixed-effect regression models. After a post-vaccination peak, each vaccination strategy was associated with a decrease of anti-EBOV GP_1,2 antibody concentrations with distinct kinetics, highlighting a less-rapid decline in antibody levels after vaccination by rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP. One year after administration of the vaccine, antibody concentrations were higher in children compared to adults for both vaccines, although with different effect sizes: 1.74-fold higher concentrations (95% confidence interval [CI] [1.48; 2.02]) for children 12-17 years old to 3.10-fold higher concentrations (95% CI [2.58; 3.69]) for those 1-4 years old compared to adults for Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo versus 1.36-fold (95% CI [1.12; 1.61]) to 1.41-fold (95% CI [1.21; 1.62]) higher than these values for adults, with relatively small changes from one age category of children to another, for rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP. Antibody concentrations also differed according to geographical location, pre-vaccination antibody concentration, and sex. In combination with knowledge on memory response, characterization of the major determinants of immune response durability of both vaccinations may guide future EVD control protocols.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02876328.

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评估接种 rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP 和 Ad26.ZEBOV、MVA-BN-Filo 埃博拉病毒病疫苗后 IgG 抗体反应的减弱：来自 PREVAC 随机试验的模拟研究。

rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP和Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo是世界卫生组织批准的埃博拉病毒病（EVD）疫苗接种方案。一项大型 2 期随机双盲临床试验（PREVAC）的数据被用来评估接种 rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP 或 Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo 疫苗后抗埃博拉病毒（EBOV）糖蛋白（GP1,2）抗体浓度的减弱情况。在疫苗接种后达到高峰后，每种疫苗接种策略都与抗埃博拉病毒 GP1,2 抗体浓度的下降有关，且具有不同的动力学特征，这突出表明接种 rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP 疫苗后抗体水平的下降速度较慢。接种疫苗一年后，两种疫苗在儿童中的抗体浓度均高于成人，但效果大小不同：对于 Ad26.ZEBOV，MVA-BN-Filo，12-17 岁儿童的抗体浓度比成人高 1.74 倍（95% 置信区间 [CI] [1.48; 2.02]），1-4 岁儿童的抗体浓度比成人高 3.10 倍（95% 置信区间 [CI] [2.58; 3.69]）。第 12 个月时，Ad26.ZEBOV、MVA-BN-Filo 与成人相比高出 1.36 倍 (95% CI [1.12; 1.61])至 1.41 倍 (95% CI [1.21; 1.62])，rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP 从一个儿童年龄类别到另一个年龄类别的变化相对较小。抗体浓度也因地理位置、接种前抗体浓度和性别的不同而不同。结合记忆反应方面的知识，确定两种疫苗免疫反应持久性的主要决定因素可为未来的 EVD 控制方案提供指导：试验注册：ClinicalTrials.gov identifier：NCT02876328.

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来源期刊

Emerging Microbes & Infections IMMUNOLOGY-MICROBIOLOGY

CiteScore

26.20

自引率

2.30%

发文量

276

审稿时长

20 weeks

期刊介绍： Emerging Microbes & Infections is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal dedicated to publishing research at the intersection of emerging immunology and microbiology viruses. The journal's mission is to share information on microbes and infections, particularly those gaining significance in both biological and clinical realms due to increased pathogenic frequency. Emerging Microbes & Infections is committed to bridging the scientific gap between developed and developing countries. This journal addresses topics of critical biological and clinical importance, including but not limited to: - Epidemic surveillance - Clinical manifestations - Diagnosis and management - Cellular and molecular pathogenesis - Innate and acquired immune responses between emerging microbes and their hosts - Drug discovery - Vaccine development research Emerging Microbes & Infections invites submissions of original research articles, review articles, letters, and commentaries, fostering a platform for the dissemination of impactful research in the field.