Worldwide study on field trials of biotechnological crops: new promises but old policy hurdles.

IF 4.1 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Frontiers in Plant Science Pub Date : 2024-11-04 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fpls.2024.1452767

Agnès Ricroch, Louie-David Desachy, Mateo Penfornis, Melekşen Akin, Ankica Kondić-Špika, Marcel Kuntz, Dragana Miladinović

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Field trials (FTs) are a necessary step towards future commercialization of biotech crops and products thereof, whether for research and development or cultivation approval. A total of 187 FTs in 30 countries have been compiled for 2022 and 2023 using a survey and intergovernmental databases. FTs have been classified according to methods, crops and traits. Compiled FTs are mostly conducted by the public sector on eight plant species with improved stress resistance, industrial application, yield, and quality. Regarding genome editing (GenEd), 23 FTs (12% of total) are carried out in 6 countries, on 10 crops. Regulations were examined in 141 countries to discuss why in some countries FTs are not performed, although basic biotech research is carried out. The EU particularly is compared to the rest of the world. Regarding the new proposal in the EU for GenEd product classification, it was found that all recent FTs of such products fall in the category that the EU would consider as 'equivalent to conventional plants' (NGT-1). We also studied current cultivation approvals to highlight differences with crops tested in the field and those may be approved in the future.

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关于生物技术作物田间试验的全球研究：新的承诺和旧的政策障碍。

田间试验（FTs）是生物技术作物及其产品未来商业化的必要步骤，无论是研发还是种植审批。通过调查和政府间数据库，为 2022 年和 2023 年编制了 30 个国家的 187 项田间试验。外试按照方法、作物和性状进行了分类。汇编的最佳栽培技术大多由公共部门进行，涉及 8 个植物物种，其抗逆性、工业应用、产量和质量均有所改善。在基因组编辑（GenEd）方面，6 个国家对 10 种作物进行了 23 次基因组编辑（占总数的 12%）。对 141 个国家的法规进行了审查，以讨论为什么有些国家虽然开展了基础生物技术研究，但却没有进行基因组编辑。特别是将欧盟与世界其他国家进行了比较。关于欧盟对 GenEd 产品分类的新建议，我们发现近期对此类产品的所有转基因试验都属于欧盟认为 "等同于传统植物 "的类别（NGT-1）。我们还研究了当前的种植批准情况，以突出与田间试验作物和未来可能批准的作物之间的差异。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Frontiers in Plant Science PLANT SCIENCES-

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

14.30%

发文量

4844

审稿时长

14 weeks

期刊介绍： In an ever changing world, plant science is of the utmost importance for securing the future well-being of humankind. Plants provide oxygen, food, feed, fibers, and building materials. In addition, they are a diverse source of industrial and pharmaceutical chemicals. Plants are centrally important to the health of ecosystems, and their understanding is critical for learning how to manage and maintain a sustainable biosphere. Plant science is extremely interdisciplinary, reaching from agricultural science to paleobotany, and molecular physiology to ecology. It uses the latest developments in computer science, optics, molecular biology and genomics to address challenges in model systems, agricultural crops, and ecosystems. Plant science research inquires into the form, function, development, diversity, reproduction, evolution and uses of both higher and lower plants and their interactions with other organisms throughout the biosphere. Frontiers in Plant Science welcomes outstanding contributions in any field of plant science from basic to applied research, from organismal to molecular studies, from single plant analysis to studies of populations and whole ecosystems, and from molecular to biophysical to computational approaches. Frontiers in Plant Science publishes articles on the most outstanding discoveries across a wide research spectrum of Plant Science. The mission of Frontiers in Plant Science is to bring all relevant Plant Science areas together on a single platform.