The Association of Salivary Cortisol Levels With Depression, Anxiety, and Quality of Life in Male Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A Case-Control Study

IF 2.9 3区医学 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI:10.1155/2024/8728071

Yousef Mokary, Saeed Vaheb, Mohammad Yazdan Panah, Alireza Afshari-Safavi, Elham Moases Ghaffary, Mahdi Barzegar, Ali Shirbacheh, Vahid Shaygannejad, Omid Mirmosayyeb

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Abstract

Background: Dysfunctions of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis can trigger multiple sclerosis (MS) symptoms. Mood disorders comorbid with MS are implicated in the HPA axis activation in most people with MS (pwMS). This study purposed to examine salivary cortisol (SC) levels and their association with mood disorders in pwMS.

Methods: Forty-three men as pwMS and sixteen men as healthy controls (HC) were included in this study. pwMS and HC completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale questionnaires. SC levels were also measured in pwMS and HC. A linear regression model was used to analyze the relationship between the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and mood disorders and SC levels. Pearson’s or Spearman’s tests examined the correlation between SC levels and mood disorders.

Results: The SC level, anxiety, depression, fatigue, and stress were significantly higher in pwMS than in HC (p < 0.05). pwMS also showed significant correlations between SC levels and role physical (r = 0.3, p < 0.05) and emotional (r = 0.34, p < 0.05) in SF-36. Among SF-36 domains, only general health (β = −0.72, p < 0.05) and physical functioning (β = −1.61, p < 0.05) were negatively associated with disease duration. No correlation was found between SC levels and anxiety, depression, and fatigue (p > 0.05).

Conclusions: The pwMS showed mild to moderate depression, anxiety, and fatigue. Only general health and physical functioning as aspects of quality of life were related to disease duration, while SC levels, mood disorders, and other quality-of-life domains were not associated with clinical characteristics. Also, this study failed to find a significant role for SC as a valuable marker in approaching mood disorders in pwMS.

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男性复发性多发性硬化症患者唾液皮质醇水平与抑郁、焦虑和生活质量的关系：病例对照研究

背景：下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴功能失调可诱发多发性硬化症（MS）症状。大多数多发性硬化症患者（pwMS）的 HPA 轴激活与多发性硬化症合并的情绪障碍有关。本研究旨在探讨唾液皮质醇（SC）水平及其与多发性硬化症患者情绪障碍的关系：研究纳入了 43 名男性多发性硬化症患者和 16 名男性健康对照组（HC）。多发性硬化症患者和健康对照组填写了贝克抑郁量表（BDI）、36 项简表调查（SF-36）、疲劳严重程度量表（FSS）、抑郁焦虑和压力量表以及医院焦虑和抑郁量表问卷。此外，还测量了 pwMS 和 HC 的 SC 水平。采用线性回归模型分析扩展残疾状况量表（EDSS）与情绪障碍和 SC 水平之间的关系。皮尔逊或斯皮尔曼检验检验了 SC 水平与情绪障碍之间的相关性：pwMS 的 SC 水平、焦虑、抑郁、疲劳和压力均显著高于 HC（p < 0.05）。SF-36 中，pwMS 的 SC 水平与身体角色（r = 0.3，p < 0.05）和情绪（r = 0.34，p < 0.05）之间也存在显著相关性。在 SF-36 领域中，只有一般健康（β = -0.72，p < 0.05）和身体功能（β = -1.61，p < 0.05）与病程呈负相关。SC水平与焦虑、抑郁和疲劳之间没有相关性（p > 0.05）：帕金森病患者表现出轻度至中度抑郁、焦虑和疲劳。只有作为生活质量方面的一般健康和身体功能与病程有关，而 SC 水平、情绪障碍和其他生活质量方面与临床特征无关。此外，这项研究也没有发现 SC 作为一种有价值的标志物，在接近 pwMS 的情绪障碍方面起着重要作用。

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来源期刊

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica 医学-临床神经学

CiteScore

6.70

自引率

2.90%

发文量

161

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Acta Neurologica Scandinavica aims to publish manuscripts of a high scientific quality representing original clinical, diagnostic or experimental work in neuroscience. The journal''s scope is to act as an international forum for the dissemination of information advancing the science or practice of this subject area. Papers in English will be welcomed, especially those which bring new knowledge and observations from the application of therapies or techniques in the combating of a broad spectrum of neurological disease and neurodegenerative disorders. Relevant articles on the basic neurosciences will be published where they extend present understanding of such disorders. Priority will be given to review of topical subjects. Papers requiring rapid publication because of their significance and timeliness will be included as ''Clinical commentaries'' not exceeding two printed pages, as will ''Clinical commentaries'' of sufficient general interest. Debate within the speciality is encouraged in the form of ''Letters to the editor''. All submitted manuscripts falling within the overall scope of the journal will be assessed by suitably qualified referees.