Depressive syndrome, cognitive impairment, and associated factors among community-dwelling aged persons in Cameroon

Aging and health research Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI:10.1016/j.ahr.2024.100209

Gustave Mabiama , Dieudonné Adiogo , Pierre Marie Preux , Jean-Claude Desport , Philippe Fayemendy , Pierre Jésus

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Abstract

Background

Depressive syndrome (DS) and cognitive impairment (CI) are associated with unsuccessful aging. However, little is known about Cameroon. This study aimed to assess the factors associated with DS and CI among older adults in Cameroon.

Methods

A representative sample of 599 individuals aged ≥ 60 years was selected for this cross-sectional study. Sociodemographic and health data were also collected. DS and CI were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), respectively. The Rosow Mobility Scale, Activities of Daily Living (ADL), and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) scales were used to evaluate functional abilities. Chi-2, ANOVA, and multiple regression analyses were performed to assess the factors associated with DS and CI. The threshold of statistical significance was 5 %.

Results

The average age was 68.9 ± 7.2 years, sex ratio M/F = 0.93, and weight 68.5 ± 14.7 kg. DS affected 14.5 % of the population and the CI was 21.4 %. In the multivariate analysis, DS was positively associated with male gender (Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.7 [95 % Confidence Interval (CI):1.1–2.7], p = 0.031) and inactivity (OR = 1.7 [95 % CI:1.0–3.0], p = 0.043). CI was positively associated with lack of education (OR = 6.5 [95 % CI:3.5–12.2], p < 0.001), inactivity (OR = 5.3 [95 % CI:1.6–17.9], p = 0.008), single (OR = 3.7 [95 % CI:1.2–11.3], p = 0.023), and widowhood (OR = 3.3 [95 % CI:1.6–6.5], p = 0.001), and negatively associated with no IADL (OR = 0.3 [95 % CI:0.2–0.6], p = 0.001) and ADL disability (OR = 0.5 [95 % CI:0.2–0.9], p = 0.032) limitations.

Conclusions

The associated factors suggest that it might be of interest to fight inactivity and encourage early and long-term education to prevent DS and/or CI among older adults.

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喀麦隆社区老年人的抑郁综合征、认知障碍及相关因素

背景抑郁症（DS）和认知障碍（CI）与不成功的衰老有关。然而，人们对喀麦隆的情况知之甚少。这项研究旨在评估喀麦隆老年人中与抑郁症和认知障碍相关的因素。研究还收集了社会人口学和健康数据。分别使用流行病学研究中心抑郁量表（CES-D）和迷你精神状态检查（MMSE）对 DS 和 CI 进行评估。罗索移动量表、日常生活活动（ADL）和日常生活工具活动（IADL）量表用于评估功能能力。通过Chi-2、方差分析和多元回归分析来评估与DS和CI相关的因素。结果平均年龄为（68.9 ± 7.2）岁，男女性别比为 0.93，体重为（68.5 ± 14.7）公斤。受 DS 影响的人群占 14.5%，CI 为 21.4%。在多变量分析中，DS 与男性性别（比值比 (OR) = 1.7 [95 % 置信区间 (CI)：1.1-2.7]，p = 0.031）和不活动（OR = 1.7 [95 % CI：1.0-3.0]，p = 0.043）呈正相关。CI与缺乏教育（OR = 6.5 [95 % CI:3.5-12.2], p < 0.001）、不活动（OR = 5.3 [95 % CI:1.6-17.9], p = 0.008）、单身（OR = 3.7 [95 % CI:1.2-11.3], p = 0.023）和丧偶（OR = 3.3 [95 % CI:1.6-6.5], p = 0.001），与无 IADL 负相关（OR = 0.结论相关因素表明，消除不活动现象、鼓励早期和长期教育以预防老年人 DS 和/或 CI 可能是有意义的。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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