Xin Pan , Zi Yang , Jie Yuan , Rufat Guluzade , Zhanchuan Wang , Suyi Liu , Yulong Zhou , Wenqing Ma , Yingbao Yang , Yuanbo Liu
{"title":"A two-source non-parametric method for estimating terrestrial evapotranspiration: Validation at eddy covariance sites","authors":"Xin Pan , Zi Yang , Jie Yuan , Rufat Guluzade , Zhanchuan Wang , Suyi Liu , Yulong Zhou , Wenqing Ma , Yingbao Yang , Yuanbo Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.132278","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Developing a two-source evapotranspiration (ET) method is a major challenge of the accurate ET estimation. As a single source ET method, the performance of Non-Parametric (NP) approach is limited by the unavailability of conventional equation of equilibrium ET in the water-limited situation. To solve this problem, a two-source equilibrium ET equation derived from Penman–Monteith equation expressed using relative humidity (RH-PM) is introduced into the NP method, then a Two-Source Non-Parametric (TS-NP) method is proposed regarding vegetation and soil as individual source. The accuracy of equilibrium ET derived from two-source method has significantly improved in the bare-soil surface (relative error: 31.26 %; RMSE: 13.18 W/m<sup>2</sup>) compared with that of conventional equilibrium ET equation and surface flux equilibrium (SFE) theory. Validated by eddy covariance tower sites, the performance of TS-NP method on bare soil surfaces is satisfactory, involving a significant reduction (near to 1/2) in the ET estimation error (relative error: 49.45 %; RMSE: 16.15 W/m<sup>2</sup>) compared with that of NP, SFE-NP and RH-PM method. On the dense vegetation surface, the performance of TS-NP method (relative error: 8.44 %; RMSE: 17.44 W/m<sup>2</sup>) is also slightly better than that of the NP method, SFE-NP and RH-PM method. In addition, air temperature and surface temperature are the most sensitive input variables in the TS-NP method, particularly in bare soil surface. The ET derived from the combined TS-NP method shows the best performance in arid areas (relative error: 22.20 %; RMSE: 16.52 W/m<sup>2</sup>) and non-arid areas (relative error: 8.12 %; RMSE: 17.61 W/m<sup>2</sup>), and the combined TS-NP method has satisfactory accuracy on the heterogeneity of underlying. Therefore, the TS-NP method provides a simple but efficient two-source method for high-precision ET estimation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"645 ","pages":"Article 132278"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Hydrology","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022169424016743","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, CIVIL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Developing a two-source evapotranspiration (ET) method is a major challenge of the accurate ET estimation. As a single source ET method, the performance of Non-Parametric (NP) approach is limited by the unavailability of conventional equation of equilibrium ET in the water-limited situation. To solve this problem, a two-source equilibrium ET equation derived from Penman–Monteith equation expressed using relative humidity (RH-PM) is introduced into the NP method, then a Two-Source Non-Parametric (TS-NP) method is proposed regarding vegetation and soil as individual source. The accuracy of equilibrium ET derived from two-source method has significantly improved in the bare-soil surface (relative error: 31.26 %; RMSE: 13.18 W/m2) compared with that of conventional equilibrium ET equation and surface flux equilibrium (SFE) theory. Validated by eddy covariance tower sites, the performance of TS-NP method on bare soil surfaces is satisfactory, involving a significant reduction (near to 1/2) in the ET estimation error (relative error: 49.45 %; RMSE: 16.15 W/m2) compared with that of NP, SFE-NP and RH-PM method. On the dense vegetation surface, the performance of TS-NP method (relative error: 8.44 %; RMSE: 17.44 W/m2) is also slightly better than that of the NP method, SFE-NP and RH-PM method. In addition, air temperature and surface temperature are the most sensitive input variables in the TS-NP method, particularly in bare soil surface. The ET derived from the combined TS-NP method shows the best performance in arid areas (relative error: 22.20 %; RMSE: 16.52 W/m2) and non-arid areas (relative error: 8.12 %; RMSE: 17.61 W/m2), and the combined TS-NP method has satisfactory accuracy on the heterogeneity of underlying. Therefore, the TS-NP method provides a simple but efficient two-source method for high-precision ET estimation.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Hydrology publishes original research papers and comprehensive reviews in all the subfields of the hydrological sciences including water based management and policy issues that impact on economics and society. These comprise, but are not limited to the physical, chemical, biogeochemical, stochastic and systems aspects of surface and groundwater hydrology, hydrometeorology and hydrogeology. Relevant topics incorporating the insights and methodologies of disciplines such as climatology, water resource systems, hydraulics, agrohydrology, geomorphology, soil science, instrumentation and remote sensing, civil and environmental engineering are included. Social science perspectives on hydrological problems such as resource and ecological economics, environmental sociology, psychology and behavioural science, management and policy analysis are also invited. Multi-and interdisciplinary analyses of hydrological problems are within scope. The science published in the Journal of Hydrology is relevant to catchment scales rather than exclusively to a local scale or site.