Migration of a pacemaker into the sigmoid colon in a three-year-old child: A case report

Abstract

Implantation of an epicardial pacemaker in young children is carried out in a pocket above the rectus muscle. In extremely rare cases, pediatric patients may experience migration of the pacemaker into the abdominal cavity. Symptoms can range from mild abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, vomiting to potentially dangerous intestinal obstruction due to perforation of the large intestine. We present a case of a 3-year-old child with migration of the pacemaker into the sigmoid colon with the formation of a colonic fistula. Early diagnosis helps to avoid serious complications in the case of pacemaker migration. Any change in the position of the pacemaker will indicate the need for pacemaker reimplantation to prevent life-threatening symptoms.