Understanding changes in traffic demand during the Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games

IF 6.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ECONOMICS

Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI:10.1016/j.tra.2024.104308

Takao Dantsuji , Masaki Nakagawa

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This paper evaluated the effects of the Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games on traffic demand on the Metropolitan expressway. We constructed panel data for both passenger and freight vehicles’ demand using longitudinal disaggregated trip records from the Metropolitan expressway. Subsequently, we established a demand function and used a difference-in-differences method to individually estimate the impacts of toll surcharges and other Olympics-related factors by leveraging the fact that the toll surcharges were not applied to freight vehicles.

The results indicate that toll surcharges resulted in a decrease of 25.0% for weekdays and 36.8% for weekends/holidays in passenger vehicle demand on the Metropolitan expressway. The estimated toll elasticities are 0.345 for weekdays and 0.615 for weekends/holidays, respectively. Notably, analysis of the Olympics-related factor demonstrated that travel demand management (TDM) strategies effectively curbed demand on weekends/holidays with a reduction of 2.9% in traffic demand. However, on weekdays, induced demand surpassed the reduction of demand by other TDM strategies than tolling, resulting in a 4.6% increase in traffic demand.

Additionally, We developed a zone-based demand function and investigate the spatial heterogeneity in toll elasticity. Our findings revealed small heterogeneity for weekdays (0.283 to 0.509) and large heterogeneity for weekends/holidays (0.484 to 0.935).

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了解 2020 年东京奥运会和残奥会期间交通需求的变化

本文评估了 2020 年东京奥运会和残奥会对首都高速公路交通需求的影响。我们利用首都高速公路的纵向分类出行记录，构建了客运和货运车辆需求的面板数据。随后，我们建立了一个需求函数，并利用收费附加费不适用货运车辆这一事实，使用差分法单独估算了收费附加费和其他奥运相关因素的影响。结果表明，收费附加费导致大都会高速公路的客运车辆需求在工作日下降了 25.0%，在周末/节假日下降了 36.8%。平日和周末/节假日的估计收费弹性分别为 0.345 和 0.615。值得注意的是，对奥运相关因素的分析表明，出行需求管理（TDM）策略有效地抑制了周末/节假日的需求，使交通需求减少了 2.9%。此外，我们还开发了基于区域的需求函数，并研究了收费弹性的空间异质性。我们的研究结果显示，工作日的异质性较小（0.283 至 0.509），而周末/节假日的异质性较大（0.484 至 0.935）。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice 工程技术-运输科技

CiteScore

13.20

自引率

7.80%

发文量

257

审稿时长

9.8 months

期刊介绍： Transportation Research: Part A contains papers of general interest in all passenger and freight transportation modes: policy analysis, formulation and evaluation; planning; interaction with the political, socioeconomic and physical environment; design, management and evaluation of transportation systems. Topics are approached from any discipline or perspective: economics, engineering, sociology, psychology, etc. Case studies, survey and expository papers are included, as are articles which contribute to unification of the field, or to an understanding of the comparative aspects of different systems. Papers which assess the scope for technological innovation within a social or political framework are also published. The journal is international, and places equal emphasis on the problems of industrialized and non-industrialized regions. Part A''s aims and scope are complementary to Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Part C: Emerging Technologies and Part D: Transport and Environment. Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review. Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour. The complete set forms the most cohesive and comprehensive reference of current research in transportation science.