Dynamics of high-yielding maize genotypes under intensive management across multiple environments

IF 4.5 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

European Journal of Agronomy Pub Date : 2024-11-09 DOI:10.1016/j.eja.2024.127368

Rongfa Li , Guoqiang Zhang , Ruizhi Xie , Peng Hou , Bo Ming , Jun Xue , Keru Wang , Shaokun Li

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Abstract

The growing demand for food, fuel, and other agricultural products is reached to be met by increasing production on the land currently under cultivation. To tackle this challenge, we conducted 468 plots containing 263 maize hybrids during 2010–2021. Plots were divided into three yield bands: < 17.7, 17.7–21.0, and > 21.0 Mg/ha. The average yield was 19.2 Mg/ha, with a range of 9.8–24.9 Mg/ha. Dry matter (DM) accumulation and harvest index (HI) are key factors that determine the final grain yield. From < 17.7 Mg/ha to > 21.0 Mg/ha, mean yield increased by 40.8 %, dry matter (DM) accumulation, post-silking DM and HI increased by 13.2 %, 14.7 % and 10.4 %, respectively. Yield increased from the lowest to the highest yield band, the proportion of dry grains weight to post-silking DM and grain leaf ratio increased, while the remobilization efficiency of pre-silking DM decreased. The contribution of pre-silking DM to yield decreased as yield increased, whereas the contributions of post-silking DM to yield increased. When the yield was > 21.0 Mg/ha, the proportion of pre- and post-silking DM was about 4:6. HI increased with the increase of yield. When the yield was ≥18.08 Mg/ha, the HI was stable at 0.53. In conclusion, under high plant density conditions, increased yield requires higher post-silking DM and HI. Our results are crucial to identify methods of enhancing yield at the population level and meet the food demands of the growing human population.

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多种环境下强化管理下高产玉米基因型的动态变化

要满足对粮食、燃料和其他农产品日益增长的需求，就必须在目前的耕地上提高产量。为了应对这一挑战，我们在 2010-2021 年期间进行了 468 块地的研究，其中包含 263 个玉米杂交种。地块分为三个产量段：17.7 毫克/公顷、17.7-21.0 毫克/公顷和 21.0 毫克/公顷。平均产量为 19.2 兆克/公顷，范围为 9.8-24.9 兆克/公顷。干物质（DM）积累和收获指数（HI）是决定最终谷物产量的关键因素。从< 17.7兆克/公顷到> 21.0兆克/公顷，平均产量增加了40.8%，干物质（DM）积累、出淤后DM和HI分别增加了13.2%、14.7%和10.4%。产量从最低产量段到最高产量段均有增加，干粒重占出苗后 DM 的比例和粒叶比均有增加，而出苗前 DM 的再动员效率有所下降。随着产量的增加，施肥前 DM 对产量的贡献率降低，而施肥后 DM 对产量的贡献率增加。当产量为 21.0 兆克/公顷时，施肥前和施肥后 DM 的比例约为 4:6。HI随产量的增加而增加。当产量≥18.08 毫克/公顷时，HI 稳定在 0.53。总之，在高密度条件下，产量的提高需要更高的出淤后 DM 和 HI。我们的研究结果对于确定在群体水平上提高产量的方法以及满足不断增长的人口对粮食的需求至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

European Journal of Agronomy 农林科学-农艺学

CiteScore

8.30

自引率

7.70%

发文量

187

审稿时长

4.5 months

期刊介绍： The European Journal of Agronomy, the official journal of the European Society for Agronomy, publishes original research papers reporting experimental and theoretical contributions to field-based agronomy and crop science. The journal will consider research at the field level for agricultural, horticultural and tree crops, that uses comprehensive and explanatory approaches. The EJA covers the following topics: crop physiology crop production and management including irrigation, fertilization and soil management agroclimatology and modelling plant-soil relationships crop quality and post-harvest physiology farming and cropping systems agroecosystems and the environment crop-weed interactions and management organic farming horticultural crops papers from the European Society for Agronomy bi-annual meetings In determining the suitability of submitted articles for publication, particular scrutiny is placed on the degree of novelty and significance of the research and the extent to which it adds to existing knowledge in agronomy.