Public health significance, seroprevalence and associated risk factors of bovine brucellosis in selected dairy farms of North Shewa zone, Amhara region, Ethiopia

Decoding Infection and Transmission Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.dcit.2024.100027

Gashaw Adane Erkyihun , Fikru Regassa Gari , Daniel Demissie Shewie , Teferi Bentti , Gezahegne Mamo Kassa

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Abstract

Objective

Bovine brucellosis is a zoonotic disease that causes economic crises in dairy cattle production and poses public health impact. A cross sectional study was conducted between November 2021 to April 2022 to estimate the seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis, identify associated risk factors with bovine brucellosis and assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of dairy cattle owners on brucellosis.

Methods

A total of 426 blood samples of dairy cattle were screened with Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and positive samples were confirmed by complement fixation test (CFT). Risk factors associated with Brucella seropositivity and knowledge of respondents were assessed and data were analyzed using R software.

Results

The overall seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis was 0.47 % (95 % CI: −0.182%-1.121%) and 4.43 % (95 % CI: −1.77 % - 10.47 %) at individual and herd level respectively. Analysis of risk factors using logistic regression indicated buying stock replacement (OR = 33.83, p = 0.000301), abortion history (OR = 5.90, 0.00579) and bull mating service (OR = 6.43, p = 0.01338) were found to be significantly associated with the seropositivity of Brucella infection in the dairy cattle.

Conclusion

The presence of serological reactors with significant risk factors indicates previous infection of brucellosis in the cattle population. Hence, culling of Brucella antibody reactor cows, stock replacement through Brucella testing and improving community awareness are recommended.

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埃塞俄比亚阿姆哈拉地区北谢瓦区部分奶牛场牛布氏杆菌病的公共卫生意义、血清流行率和相关风险因素

目的牛布氏杆菌病是一种人畜共患病，会给奶牛生产带来经济危机，并对公共卫生造成影响。在 2021 年 11 月至 2022 年 4 月期间进行了一项横断面研究，以估算牛布鲁氏杆菌病的血清流行率，确定与牛布鲁氏杆菌病相关的风险因素，并评估奶牛饲养者对布鲁氏杆菌病的知识、态度和做法。结果在个体和牛群水平上，牛布氏杆菌病的总血清阳性率分别为 0.47 % (95 % CI: -0.182 %-1.121 %) 和 4.43 % (95 % CI: -1.77 % - 10.47 %)。使用逻辑回归分析风险因素时发现，购买替代牲畜（OR = 33.83，p = 0.000301）、流产史（OR = 5.90，0.00579）和公牛交配服务（OR = 6.43，p = 0.01338）与奶牛布鲁氏菌感染血清阳性率显著相关。因此，建议扑杀布鲁氏菌抗体反应牛，通过布鲁氏菌检测更换牛群，并提高社区意识。

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Decoding Infection and Transmission

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