Moringa oleifera: A plethora of bioactive reservoirs with tremendous opportunity for green synthesis of silver nanoparticles enabled with multifaceted applications

Abstract

Owing to superior stability and minimal chemical reactivity compared to other metals, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) represent a significant breakthrough in nanotechnology. Given their special physicochemical characteristics, AgNPs have drawn much interest in biological applications. AgNPs are produced using various techniques, including chemical and physical ones. These techniques frequently require harmful substances as reducing agents to synthesize nanoparticles (NPs). To prevent the use of hazardous materials; however, several attempts have been made in the last few decades to develop green synthesis processes. Green synthesis AgNPs have gained broader attention due to excellent antibacterial and allied biological applications. Moringa oleifera is renowned for its lightning-fast growth and broad site adaptability and contains diverse bioactive compounds used traditionally to treat several diseases. Owing to these broad utility M. oleifera plant extract has been widely explored to reduce and stabilize the metallic NPs. Therefore, the green production of moringa various plant part extract-based AgNPs and the function of plant metabolites in the synthesis process is briefly discussed considering their multifaceted applications. Moreover, updates on potential biomedical applications of biosynthesized AgNPs using M. oleifera in a variety of domains with insights into future research directions and strategies for overcoming the challenges have been elaborated.