Multiple criteria qualitative value-based pricing framework “MARIE” for new drugs

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q1 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES

Health Policy and Technology Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI:10.1016/j.hlpt.2024.100928

Akina Takami , Masafumi Kato , Hisato Deguchi , Ataru Igarashi

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives

Value-based pricing (VBP) could improve allocation of healthcare resources. We created and evaluated a simple VBP method that qualitatively considers broad values for drugs.

Method

First, we established the value elements that determine the value of drugs. Then, we decided on the criteria for scoring the value elements, constructed a method for estimating daily drug prices from the value elements and the maximum number of patients, and used this framework to estimate daily drug prices.

Results

Four base value elements and 8 additional elements were identified. We applied our scoring criteria to calculate scores for 39 drugs already listed in Japan and estimated the daily drug price of each drug by creating a conversion table of base drug prices according to base points and maximum number of patients and adding points for additional elements. For all hepatitis C drugs, the estimated daily drug prices were lower than the actual prices, whereas for the other drugs, they were higher or, in some cases, lower.

Conclusion

Our VBP framework comprises 4 steps: 1. gathering information on value elements; 2. scoring value elements; 3. calculating the base drug price from the base points and the maximum number of patients by using the conversion table; and 4. calculating the daily drug price by adding points for additional value elements. Our framework, which we refer to as MARIE (multiple criteria qualitative value-based pricing framework), is a versatile, practical, and simple option for pricing new drugs that can be easily adapted to different healthcare environments.

Public Interest Summary

Drug prices do not necessarily reflect the values provided by drugs in Japanese current drug pricing system. It is not fully discussed how to quantify the value of drugs for prices by considering a broad range of value elements. We created and evaluated VBP method for drug pricing that would be applicable in Japan considering the current pharmaceutical regulations, medical environment, and availability of data at the timing of pricing negotiation process for new drugs. The study summarizes the value elements to be considered in determining drug prices and proposed VBP framework. It also revealed that qualitative factors can be used for drug pricing. Our proposed approach for drug pricing system enables to capture and reflect broader values of new drug.

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新药多重标准定性价值定价框架 "MARIE

目标基于价值的定价（VBP）可以改善医疗资源的分配。首先，我们确定了决定药品价值的价值要素。然后，我们确定了价值要素的评分标准，构建了一种根据价值要素和最大患者人数估算每日药价的方法，并使用此框架估算每日药价。结果确定了 4 个基本价值要素和 8 个附加要素。我们运用评分标准为 39 种已在日本上市的药品计算了分数，并根据基础分和最大患者人数创建了基础药价换算表，再加上附加要素的分数，从而估算出了每种药品的日药价。对所有丙型肝炎药物而言，估算的每日药价均低于实际价格，而对其他药物而言，估算的每日药价则高于实际价格，或在某些情况下低于实际价格：1.收集价值要素信息；2.为价值要素打分；3.使用换算表，根据基础分和最大患者人数计算基础药价；4.通过为附加价值要素加分，计算每日药价。我们将这一框架称为 MARIE（多标准定性价值定价框架），它是一种多用途、实用且简单的新药定价方案，可轻松适用于不同的医疗环境。如何通过考虑广泛的价值要素来量化药品的价格价值，尚未得到充分讨论。考虑到日本现行的医药法规、医疗环境以及新药定价谈判过程中数据的可用性，我们创建并评估了适用于日本的药品定价 VBP 方法。研究总结了确定药品价格时应考虑的价值要素，并提出了 VBP 框架。研究还发现，定性因素可用于药品定价。我们提出的药品定价系统方法能够捕捉和反映新药的更广泛价值。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Health Policy and Technology Medicine-Health Policy

CiteScore

9.20

自引率

3.30%

发文量

审稿时长

88 days

期刊介绍： Health Policy and Technology (HPT), is the official journal of the Fellowship of Postgraduate Medicine (FPM), a cross-disciplinary journal, which focuses on past, present and future health policy and the role of technology in clinical and non-clinical national and international health environments. HPT provides a further excellent way for the FPM to continue to make important national and international contributions to development of policy and practice within medicine and related disciplines. The aim of HPT is to publish relevant, timely and accessible articles and commentaries to support policy-makers, health professionals, health technology providers, patient groups and academia interested in health policy and technology. Topics covered by HPT will include: - Health technology, including drug discovery, diagnostics, medicines, devices, therapeutic delivery and eHealth systems - Cross-national comparisons on health policy using evidence-based approaches - National studies on health policy to determine the outcomes of technology-driven initiatives - Cross-border eHealth including health tourism - The digital divide in mobility, access and affordability of healthcare - Health technology assessment (HTA) methods and tools for evaluating the effectiveness of clinical and non-clinical health technologies - Health and eHealth indicators and benchmarks (measure/metrics) for understanding the adoption and diffusion of health technologies - Health and eHealth models and frameworks to support policy-makers and other stakeholders in decision-making - Stakeholder engagement with health technologies (clinical and patient/citizen buy-in) - Regulation and health economics