Field margin management for promoting plant diversity—A functional approach to investigating the effects of multiple measures on plant community dynamics

IF 3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Basic and Applied Ecology Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI:10.1016/j.baae.2024.10.009

Luise Franke , Christine S. Sheppard , Marco R. Brendel , Carsten M. Buchmann , Viktoria Ferenc , Jinlei Zhu , Frank M. Schurr

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Strategies to counteract the loss of arable plant diversity often target field margins. Yet there is still need for research on how arable plant diversity is impacted by the type, scale and diversity of margin management. To assess this experimentally, we combined five measures imposing different disturbance regimes (flower-strip mown twice a year, tilling in spring or autumn, adding sand as substrate, and frequent mowing as a control) at two spatial scales.

We explored how plant community dynamics are affected by both single measures and their combination. We addressed four hypotheses: H1) single measures shift community weighted mean (CWM) values of functional traits and reduce the within-measure community weighted standard deviation (CWSD) of these traits; H2) heavy disturbance (early tilling and sand) causes taxonomic and functional diversity (alpha-diversity) to increase over time; H3) combining different measures increases dissimilarity (beta-diversity) and thus gamma-diversity across measures; and H4) increased spatial heterogeneity of measures promotes all levels of diversity.

We found shifts in CWM and reduced CWSD in flower-strips (smaller seed mass, perennial lifespan) and late-tilling (later flowering-onset) whereas sand and early-tilling tended to increase CWSD (H1). Trends across measures indicate shifts towards species with competitive strategies (H1). Compared to frequently mown controls, heavy disturbance (sand and early-tilling) promoted alpha-diversity over time, despite lower initial diversity. Moderate disturbance (flower-strip, late tilling) initially promoted alpha-diversity, but diversity then did not increase further (H2). Combining different measures promoted diversity compared to single measures, but the similarity between measures increased over time (H3). Scale played a minor role in determining community-composition (H4).

Disturbance regimes imposed by different management of field margins shape the functional composition of arable plant communities. Strategies combining different measures help to balance initial benefits of moderate disturbance with the longer-term diversity gains from heavier disturbance.

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促进植物多样性的田边管理--研究多种措施对植物群落动态影响的功能方法

应对耕地植物多样性丧失的策略通常以田边为目标。然而，对于田边管理的类型、规模和多样性如何影响耕地植物多样性，仍有研究的必要。为了在实验中评估这一点，我们在两个空间尺度上结合了五种施加不同干扰机制的措施（每年两次花条刈割、春季或秋季翻耕、添加沙子作为基质以及频繁刈割作为对照）。我们提出了四个假设：H1）单一措施会改变功能特征的群落加权平均值（CWM），并降低这些特征的措施内群落加权标准偏差（CWSD）；H2）严重干扰（早期翻耕和沙地）会导致分类和功能多样性（α-多样性）随着时间的推移而增加；H3）不同措施的组合会增加差异（β-多样性），从而增加不同措施间的γ-多样性；H4）措施的空间异质性增加会促进所有层次的多样性。我们发现，花条植物（种子质量较小、多年生寿命）和晚耕植物（开花时间较晚）的 CWM 发生变化，CWSD 减少，而沙生植物和早耕植物的 CWSD 趋于增加（H1）。各项指标的变化趋势表明，植物向具有竞争策略的物种转变（H1）。与经常刈割的对照组相比，尽管最初的多样性较低，但随着时间的推移，严重干扰（沙地和早期翻耕）会促进α-多样性。中度干扰（花条、晚翻耕）最初促进了α-多样性，但随后多样性没有进一步增加（H2）。与单一测量方法相比，将不同测量方法结合起来可促进多样性，但测量方法之间的相似性会随着时间的推移而增加（H3）。不同的田边管理所施加的干扰制度决定了可耕植物群落的功能组成。将不同措施结合起来的策略有助于平衡适度干扰带来的初期效益和较严重干扰带来的长期多样性收益。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Basic and Applied Ecology 环境科学-生态学

CiteScore

6.90

自引率

5.30%

发文量

103

审稿时长

10.6 weeks

期刊介绍： Basic and Applied Ecology provides a forum in which significant advances and ideas can be rapidly communicated to a wide audience. Basic and Applied Ecology publishes original contributions, perspectives and reviews from all areas of basic and applied ecology. Ecologists from all countries are invited to publish ecological research of international interest in its pages. There is no bias with regard to taxon or geographical area.