Effect of different ischemic pre-conditioning protocols on a 4-km cycling time trial

IF 0.8 4区医学 Q4 SPORT SCIENCES

Science & Sports Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI:10.1016/j.scispo.2024.01.005

G. Truffi , E. Crivoi do Carmo , L. Carvalho , A.F. Gáspari , C. Foster , R. Barroso

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aim

Ischemic pre-conditioning (IPC) has been used to improve performance in aerobic and anaerobic activities. More specifically, there are several reports showing IPC's benefits on aerobic cycling performance. However, IPC can be time consuming, depending on the protocol adopted. The aim of this study was to investigate different IPC protocols to assess which one would be both effective and time efficient for enhancing performance in a 4-km cycling time trial (4-km TT).

Methods

In a randomized cross-over design, fifteen trained male cyclists went through 1, 2 or 4 cycles of IPC (5 minutes of occlusion followed by 5 minutes of reperfusion) all combined with 15 or 30 minutes of rest interval before the 4-km cycling TT. We also analyzed the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) every 1000 m during the 4-km TT. Data are presented as mean and standard deviation (SD). One-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to analyze the performance on the 4-km TT in all conditions. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to analyze RPE every 1000 m of the 4-km cycling TT.

Results and conclusion

There was no significant effect of any of the IPC protocols on overall performance (P = 0.486). There was a main time effect for RPE (P < 0.0001) but there was no interaction effect (P = 0.111). Our results show that none of our IPC protocols was able to enhance performance on a 4-km cycling TT over a non-IPC control condition.

Objectifs

Le préconditionnement ischémique (IPC) a été utilisé pour améliorer les performances d’activités physiques aérobies et anaérobies. Plusieurs rapports ont montré des effets favorables de l’IPC sur les performances aérobies en cyclisme. Cependant, suivant les protocoles utilisés, l’IPC peut prendre du temps. Le but de cette étude était d’étudier différents protocoles IPC pour évaluer lesquels seraient à la fois économiques en temps, et efficaces pour améliorer les performances sur un contre-la-montre de cyclisme de 4 km (4 km TT).

Matériels et méthodes

Dans un protocole croisé randomisé, quinze cyclistes masculins régulièrement entraînés ont suivi 1, 2 ou 4 cycles d’IPC (5 minutes d’occlusion suivies de 5 minutes de reperfusion) combinés avec 15 ou 30 minutes de repos avant l’épreuve de cyclisme de 4 km TT. Nous avons également analysé l’évaluation de l’effort perçu (RPE) tous les 1000 m pendant le TT de 4 km. Les données sont présentées sous forme de moyenne et d’écart-type (SD). Une Anova à mesures répétées a été utilisée pour analyser les performances sur le TT de 4 km dans toutes les conditions. Des mesures répétées bidirectionnelles Anova ont été utilisées pour analyser le RPE tous les 1000 m du TT de cyclisme de 4 km.

Résultats et conclusion

Il n’y avait aucun effet significatif des protocoles IPC sur les performances globales (p = 0,486). Il y avait un effet dans le temps pour le RPE (p < 0,0001) mais il n’y avait aucune interaction (p = 0,111). Nos résultats montrent qu’aucun de nos protocoles IPC n’a été en mesure d’améliorer les performances sur un TT de cyclisme de 4 km comparativement à une condition de contrôle sans IPC.

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不同缺血预处理方案对 4 公里自行车计时赛的影响

目的缺血预处理（IPC）已被用于提高有氧和无氧运动的成绩。更具体地说，有几份报告显示，缺血预处理对有氧自行车运动的表现大有裨益。然而，IPC 可能比较耗时，这取决于所采用的方案。本研究旨在调查不同的 IPC 方案，以评估哪种方案既有效又节省时间，从而提高 4 公里自行车计时赛（4 公里 TT）的成绩。方法在随机交叉设计中，15 名训练有素的男性自行车运动员在 4 公里自行车计时赛前分别进行了 1、2 或 4 个周期的 IPC（闭塞 5 分钟，然后再灌注 5 分钟），同时休息 15 或 30 分钟。我们还分析了 4 公里 TT 期间每 1000 米的感知用力值（RPE）。数据以平均值和标准差（SD）表示。单向重复测量方差分析用于分析所有条件下的 4 公里 TT 成绩。结果和结论任何 IPC 方案对总成绩均无显著影响（P = 0.486）。RPE 存在主时间效应（P < 0.0001），但不存在交互效应（P = 0.111）。我们的结果表明，与非 IPC 对照组相比，我们的 IPC 方案都无法提高 4 公里自行车 TT 的成绩。一些报告显示，缺血预处理对自行车有氧运动的表现产生了有利影响。然而，根据所使用的方案，CPI 可能很耗时。本研究旨在调查不同的 IPC 方案，以评估哪种方案既能节省时间，又能有效提高 4 公里自行车计时赛（4 公里 TT）的成绩。材料和方法在一项随机交叉方案中，15 名定期接受训练的男性自行车运动员在 4 公里 TT 自行车比赛前接受了 1、2 或 4 个周期的 IPC（5 分钟闭塞，然后 5 分钟再灌注），并休息了 15 或 30 分钟。我们还分析了 4 公里 TT 赛中每 1000 米的体力消耗评分（RPE）。数据以平均值和标准差（SD）表示。我们使用重复测量 Anova 分析了所有条件下 4 公里 TT 的成绩。结果和结论IPC 方案对总成绩没有显著影响（p = 0.486）。RPE 随时间变化有影响（p < 0.0001），但没有交互影响（p = 0.111）。我们的结果表明，与没有 IPC 的对照组相比，我们的 IPC 方案都无法提高 4 公里单车 TT 的成绩。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Science & Sports 社会科学-运动科学

CiteScore

1.50

自引率

18.20%

发文量

143

审稿时长

19.7 weeks

期刊介绍： Science & Sports is a peer-reviewed journal, publishing worldwide high-quality and impactful papers of medical, scientific and applied technical research in the different fields of sports and physical activities: sport medicine, exercise physiology, sport physiology and performance, nutrition, traumatology relating to sport, rehabilitation or adapted physical activities. It facilitates the transfer of knowledge and technology between the clinic, research and practice in physical and athletic activity.