Good luck or bad luck? The influence of social comparison on risk-taking decision and the underlying neural mechanism.

IF 2.9 2区心理学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES

Psychophysiology Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI:10.1111/psyp.14730

Ming Peng, Yuanyuan Shi, Rui Tang, Xiaoying Yang, Huicong Yang, Mengfei Cai, Ruolei Gu, Xu Li

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Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate the impact of social comparison on risk-taking behaviors and the neural underpinnings within a competitive context. Participants who thought they were playing against a stranger in a gambling task were actually playing against a programmed computer. Eighty-eight college students were assigned to one of three comparison conditions (downward, upward, and parallel) by varying the probability of gain. Behavioral results showed that disadvantage led to increased risk-taking. Event-related potential data analyses showed, in the parallel comparison condition, a significantly larger Feedback-Related Negativity (FRN) was induced by the self's safe decision than the risky decision and by loss rather than gain. However, in the upward and downward comparison conditions, larger FRN emerged solely in response to the loss of risky rather than safe decisions. On the P3 component, participants in the upward comparison condition showed no significant difference in response to their gain or loss, while the other two conditions did. The highest P3 amplitude, delta/theta power, and aperiodic activity were found in the closely matched condition. Finally, in the downward comparison condition, a stronger delta/theta power was correlated with a less risky decision. Overall, the findings indicate that parity heightens emotional arousal and engages more cognitive resources.

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好运还是厄运？社会比较对冒险决策的影响及其背后的神经机制。

本研究旨在调查社会比较对冒险行为的影响，以及在竞争背景下的神经基础。在一项赌博任务中，参与者认为自己是在与陌生人对弈，但实际上他们是在与一台编程电脑对弈。通过改变收益概率，88 名大学生被分配到三种比较条件（向下、向上和平行）中的一种。行为结果显示，劣势会导致冒险行为增加。事件相关电位数据分析显示，在平行比较条件下，自我安全决定所引起的反馈相关负性（FRN）明显大于风险决定，损失所引起的反馈相关负性明显大于收益所引起的反馈相关负性。然而，在向上和向下比较条件下，仅在失去风险决策而非安全决策时，才会出现较大的反馈相关负性。在 P3 成分上，向上比较条件下的参与者对其收益或损失的反应没有显著差异，而其他两种条件下则有显著差异。密切配合条件下的 P3 振幅、delta/theta 功率和非周期性活动最高。最后，在向下比较条件下，较强的 delta/theta 功率与风险较小的决策相关。总之，研究结果表明，奇偶性会增强情绪唤醒并调动更多的认知资源。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Psychophysiology 医学-神经科学

CiteScore

6.80

自引率

8.10%

发文量

225

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Founded in 1964, Psychophysiology is the most established journal in the world specifically dedicated to the dissemination of psychophysiological science. The journal continues to play a key role in advancing human neuroscience in its many forms and methodologies (including central and peripheral measures), covering research on the interrelationships between the physiological and psychological aspects of brain and behavior. Typically, studies published in Psychophysiology include psychological independent variables and noninvasive physiological dependent variables (hemodynamic, optical, and electromagnetic brain imaging and/or peripheral measures such as respiratory sinus arrhythmia, electromyography, pupillography, and many others). The majority of studies published in the journal involve human participants, but work using animal models of such phenomena is occasionally published. Psychophysiology welcomes submissions on new theoretical, empirical, and methodological advances in: cognitive, affective, clinical and social neuroscience, psychopathology and psychiatry, health science and behavioral medicine, and biomedical engineering. The journal publishes theoretical papers, evaluative reviews of literature, empirical papers, and methodological papers, with submissions welcome from scientists in any fields mentioned above.