Prevalence and Risk Factors of Hip Fracture at Tertiary Hospital in Mogadishu, Somalia.

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to determine the frequency of hip fractures and associated risk factors among patients receiving care at the Somalia Turkish Training and Research Hospital in Mogadishu.

Patients and methods: A retrospective study of patients treated at the Somalia Turkish Training and Research Hospital in Mogadishu was carried out. 96 of the 108 patients who were admitted met the inclusion criteria. Analyzing the medical records of individuals diagnosed with hip fractures between January and December 2023 allowed for the collection of data on demographics, hip fracture type, and medical history and also conducted follow-ups to identify other potential contributing factors that may not be available in medical records. The main conclusions have been established using descriptive statistical analysis.

Results: About 8.67% of all fracture cases were hip fractures, Elderly people (60+) represented the largest group at 64.6%, followed by younger people (17-39) and Middle-aged people (40-59) at 15.6%, and children (3-16) at 4.2%. Females comprised 56.3% of cases, while males made up 43.8%. Most patients (78.1%) had low physical activity. Falls were the primary cause of fractures (83.3%), followed by other traumas (13.5%), and pathological fractures (7.3%). 32.3% of patients had comorbidities, 8.3% had a family history, and 22.9% had prior fractures. The most prevalent hip fractures (81.3%) were those of the femur neck, followed by subtrochanteric and intertrochanteric fractures (10.4% and 8.3%, respectively).

Conclusion: This study emphasizes the frequency of hip fractures in Mogadishu, Somalia, as well as the significance of fall prevention, age, gender, and comorbidity treatment. We suggest comprehensive risk assessments, gender-specific bone health programs, fall prevention programs, focused prevention for the elderly, and public education campaigns to reduce the burden of hip fractures and encourage healthier people in our community by putting these measures into practice.