Insights on bio-medical, quantum, and optoelectronic applications of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides–a review

Abstract

The fields of atomically thin two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (2D TMDCs) have witnessed notable progress, resulting in a range of intriguing applications in nanoelectronics, photonics, sensing, energy storage, and opto-electronics. This article offers a comprehensive look at the latest progress in two-dimensional (2D) materials that go beyond graphene. Our main interest lies in TMDCs like MoS₂, WS₂, MoSe₂, and WSe₂. These materials are used in specific applications for advanced electronics and optoelectronics devices that depend on very thin atomic layers. Even though there have been challenges along the way in developing scalable and defect-free TMDCs on preferred substrates, scientists have managed to come up with innovative growth techniques that work well with both common and unconventional substrates. These developments have been driven by the increasing demand for precise and reliable TMDCs in real-world scenarios. TMDCs may play a critical role in the development in bio-medical applications, like biomedical imaging, medication administration, clinical diagnostics, and photodynamic therapy. A multilayer device architecture may facilitate the creation of a gate-defined quantum dot (QD) in transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) for future quantum applications. Focus is on creating cutting-edge two-dimensional TMDCs with distinct features and new chemical characteristics. Furthermore, in addition to the realm of electronics, a considerable amount of research has focused on investigating the possibilities of these materials for energy and sensing applications, which are thoroughly analyzed.