Clonal and horizontal transmission of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales strains and genes via flies.

IF 4.3 3区医学 Q1 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY

Gut Pathogens Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI:10.1186/s13099-024-00665-1

Jialiang Xu, Jiaqi Liu, Jiayong Zhao, Tian Tian, Mengyu Wang, Gailing Yuan, Yao Peng, Yuan Zhang, Zhe Li, Biao Kan, Zhenpeng Li, Xin Lu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the most pressing global public health challenges; in particular, the rapid dissemination of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) is emerging as a significant concern worldwide. Flies, serving as carriers of pathogens, pose a potential threat in the transmission of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) between animals and humans. The aim of this study was to evaluate and reveal the potential risk of AMR spread by flies.

Methods: A total of 450 flies were collected from four farms, four rural areas, and four urban areas in Dengfeng, Henan, China. To select CRE strains on the surface of flies, three flies sampled from the same geographical location were arbitrarily selected and placed into one tube of brain heart infusion broth (BHI), and the supernatant was screened using CHROMagar™ mSuperCARBA culture medium. Different colors and shapes of colonies were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and 16S rRNA sequencing. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing for CRE strains was performed using broth microdilution. All CRE strains were whole-genome sequenced. Short-read sequencing was performed using MGISEQ-2000 and long-read sequencing was conducted using GridION.

Results: Totally, 150 BHI tubes were screened for CRE strains, and 33 strains were identified as CRE positive. In 24 mSuperCARBA plates, only one species of CRE strain was isolated from each plate. In three plates, two different species of CRE strains were identified in each plate. In one plate, three different species of CRE strains were simultaneously isolated. Carbapenem resistance genes were detected in 81.8% of CRE strains, and bla_NDM-1 was predominant (66.7%). No significant correlations between carbapenem-resistant phenotypes and carbapenem resistance genes were observed. The complete genomes of all 33 strains were obtained. Genome analysis revealed that clonal transmission events may have occurred among different farms and rural areas. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that bla_NDM-1 IncFII plasmids could break bacterial species barrier for cross-host transmission in diverse areas.

Conclusions: To understand and control the transmission of AMR from the perspective of One Health, it is imperative to enhance surveillance of ARB, antibiotic resistance genes, and antibiotic-resistant plasmids in flies.

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耐碳青霉烯类肠杆菌菌株和基因通过苍蝇的克隆和水平传播。

背景：抗菌素耐药性（AMR）是全球公共卫生面临的最紧迫挑战之一；特别是耐碳青霉烯类肠杆菌（CRE）的快速传播正在成为全球关注的一个重大问题。苍蝇作为病原体的载体，对耐抗生素细菌（ARB）在动物和人类之间的传播构成了潜在威胁。本研究旨在评估和揭示苍蝇传播耐抗生素细菌的潜在风险：方法：从中国河南登封的四个农场、四个农村地区和四个城市地区共收集了 450 只苍蝇。为了筛选苍蝇体表的 CRE 菌株，任意选取同一地点的三只苍蝇放入一管脑心输液肉汤（BHI）中，用 CHROMagar™ mSuperCARBA 培养基对上清液进行筛选。通过基质辅助激光解吸/电离飞行时间质谱法和 16S rRNA 测序鉴定不同颜色和形状的菌落。采用肉汤微稀释法对 CRE 菌株进行抗菌药敏感性测试。对所有 CRE 菌株进行了全基因组测序。使用 MGISEQ-2000 进行短线程测序，使用 GridION 进行长线程测序：结果：共对 150 个 BHI 管中的 CRE 菌株进行了筛查，33 株菌株被鉴定为 CRE 阳性。在 24 个 mSuperCARBA 平板中，每个平板只分离出一种 CRE 菌株。在 3 个平板中，每个平板分离出两种不同的 CRE 菌株。在一个平板中，同时分离出三种不同的 CRE 菌株。81.8% 的 CRE 菌株检测到碳青霉烯耐药基因，其中以 blaNDM-1 型为主（66.7%）。碳青霉烯耐药表型与碳青霉烯耐药基因之间未发现明显的相关性。研究人员获得了所有 33 株菌株的完整基因组。基因组分析表明，克隆传播事件可能发生在不同的农场和农村地区。系统发育分析表明，blaNDM-1 IncFII质粒可打破细菌物种屏障，在不同地区进行跨宿主传播：结论：为了从 "一体健康 "的角度了解和控制 AMR 的传播，必须加强对苍蝇中 ARB、抗生素耐药基因和抗生素耐药质粒的监测。

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来源期刊

Gut Pathogens GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY-MICROBIOLOGY

CiteScore

7.70

自引率

2.40%

发文量

期刊介绍： Gut Pathogens is a fast publishing, inclusive and prominent international journal which recognizes the need for a publishing platform uniquely tailored to reflect the full breadth of research in the biology and medicine of pathogens, commensals and functional microbiota of the gut. The journal publishes basic, clinical and cutting-edge research on all aspects of the above mentioned organisms including probiotic bacteria and yeasts and their products. The scope also covers the related ecology, molecular genetics, physiology and epidemiology of these microbes. The journal actively invites timely reports on the novel aspects of genomics, metagenomics, microbiota profiling and systems biology. Gut Pathogens will also consider, at the discretion of the editors, descriptive studies identifying a new genome sequence of a gut microbe or a series of related microbes (such as those obtained from new hosts, niches, settings, outbreaks and epidemics) and those obtained from single or multiple hosts at one or different time points (chronological evolution).