Nathaniel Kadunce*, Anna M. Wagner*, Jeromy Cottell, Kathy Dao, Darryl D. Dixon, Blanka M. Hodur, Dane Holte, Michael A. Ischay, Jihun Kang, Seongtaek Kim, Young Ho Kim, Seung Moh Koo, Willard Lew, Lucas Man, Kashi Reddy Methuku, Henry Morrison, Patrick D. Parker, David A. Siler and Chloe Y. Wong,
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
(R)-1-(2,5-Difluoropyridin-3-yl)ethyl(1-methyl-4-(5-(2-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine-5-carboxamido)pyridin-2-yl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-5-yl)carbamate (GS-2278) is a lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 antagonist under development for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. GS-2278 is assembled in a 9-step sequence. Initially, 2-bromo-5-fluoropyridine is metalated and trapped with ethyl difluoroacetate. Then, after condensation with tosyl hydrazide, Sakai cyclization with methylamine, and carboxylation with carbon dioxide, the triazole carboxylic acid core is generated. For the final assembly, the core is elaborated through a two-step hydroxamic acid formation and Lossen rearrangement to form an isocyanate which is trapped in situ by a chiral alcohol. The resulting carbamate is Boc-deprotected and subjected to amide coupling with a pyrimidine carboxylic acid to yield the active pharmaceutical ingredient. Process development was conducted to determine reaction and isolation conditions to enable scale-ups to support preclinical and early clinical studies. This paper focuses on the development of conditions from the medicinal chemistry route to the Ph 1 manufacturing route.
期刊介绍：
The journal Organic Process Research & Development serves as a communication tool between industrial chemists and chemists working in universities and research institutes. As such, it reports original work from the broad field of industrial process chemistry but also presents academic results that are relevant, or potentially relevant, to industrial applications. Process chemistry is the science that enables the safe, environmentally benign and ultimately economical manufacturing of organic compounds that are required in larger amounts to help address the needs of society. Consequently, the Journal encompasses every aspect of organic chemistry, including all aspects of catalysis, synthetic methodology development and synthetic strategy exploration, but also includes aspects from analytical and solid-state chemistry and chemical engineering, such as work-up tools，process safety, or flow-chemistry. The goal of development and optimization of chemical reactions and processes is their transfer to a larger scale; original work describing such studies and the actual implementation on scale is highly relevant to the journal. However, studies on new developments from either industry, research institutes or academia that have not yet been demonstrated on scale, but where an industrial utility can be expected and where the study has addressed important prerequisites for a scale-up and has given confidence into the reliability and practicality of the chemistry, also serve the mission of OPR&D as a communication tool between the different contributors to the field.
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