Phase I Study of Adjuvant Allogeneic GM-CSF-Transduced Pancreatic Tumor Cell Vaccine, Low Dose Cyclophosphamide, and SBRT followed by FFX in High-Risk Resected Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.
Colin S Hill, Rose Parkinson, Elizabeth M Jaffee, Elizabeth Sugar, Lei Zheng, Beth Onners, Matthew J Weiss, Christopher L Wolfgang, John L Cameron, Timothy M Pawlik, Lauren Rosati, Dung T Le, Amy Hacker-Prietz, Eric R Lutz, Richard Schulick, Amol K Narang, Daniel A Laheru, Joseph M Herman
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Purpose: Local and distant progression remain common following resection of resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) despite adjuvant multiagent chemotherapy. We report a prospective institutional phase I trial incorporating adjuvant GVAX vaccine, low-dose cyclophosphamide (Cy) and SBRT followed by FOLFIRINOX (FFX) among patients who underwent resection of high-risk PDAC.
Patients and methods: The study design was a modified 3+3. Cohort 1 received 5-fraction SBRT to 33 Gy to the tumor bed and 25 Gy to elective nodes followed by 6 cycles of full dose FFX. After toxicity review, cohort 2 had SBRT and were switched to modified FFX (mFFX). Cohort 3 had 1 cycle of Cy/GVAX followed by SBRT, mFFX, and 4 cycles of maintenance Cy/GVAX with 6-month Cy/GVAX boosts until progression.
Results: 19 patients were enrolled with a median follow-up of 36.2 months. To be eligible, patients were required to have close/positive margins (within ≤1 mm) (71%) and/or lymph node metastasis (79%). Overall, 63% of patients had both. In cohort 1, 67% of patients received 6 cycles of FFX; in cohort 2, 75% received 6 cycles of modified FFX. In cohort 3, 12 patients received the first dose of Cy/GVAX and SBRT with 10 individuals (83%) receiving 6 cycles of mFFX. Cohort 3 had acceptable levels of grade ≥3 thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, and diarrhea after two cycles of mFFX. Median OS/DFS for the overall cohort and cohort 3 was 36.2/18.2 months and 61.3/24.1 months, respectively. 1-year and 2-year OS for cohort 3 was 83%/75%, respectively. At last follow-up (median= x), 5 patients were alive (42%) in cohort 3.
Conclusion: This is the first prospective trial to evaluate adjuvant GVAX, Cy, SBRT, and mFFX in resected PDAC patients with high-risk features. This combination regimen was well tolerated with limited toxicity and promising survival outcomes, warranting future studies to validate this regimen in the adjuvant setting.
期刊介绍：
International Journal of Radiation Oncology • Biology • Physics (IJROBP), known in the field as the Red Journal, publishes original laboratory and clinical investigations related to radiation oncology, radiation biology, medical physics, and both education and health policy as it relates to the field.
This journal has a particular interest in original contributions of the following types: prospective clinical trials, outcomes research, and large database interrogation. In addition, it seeks reports of high-impact innovations in single or combined modality treatment, tumor sensitization, normal tissue protection (including both precision avoidance and pharmacologic means), brachytherapy, particle irradiation, and cancer imaging. Technical advances related to dosimetry and conformal radiation treatment planning are of interest, as are basic science studies investigating tumor physiology and the molecular biology underlying cancer and normal tissue radiation response.
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