James A Birchler, Jacob Kelly, Jasnoor Singh, Hua Liu, Zhengzhi Zhang, Si Nian Char, Malika Sharma, Hua Yang, Patrice S Albert, Bing Yang
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
The status of engineered mini-chromosomes/artificial chromosomes/synthetic chromosomes in plants is summarized. Their promise is that they provide a means to accumulate foreign genes on an independent entity other than the normal chromosomes, which would facilitate stacking of novel traits in a way that would not be linked to endogenous genes and that would facilitate transfer between lines. Centromeres in plants are epigenetic, and therefore the isolation of DNA underlying centromeres and reintroduction into plant cells will not establish a functional kinetochore, which obviates this approach for in vitro assembly of plant artificial chromosomes. This issue was bypassed by using telomere-mediated chromosomal truncation to produce mini-chromosomes with little more than an endogenous centromere that could in turn be used as a foundation to build synthetic chromosomes. Site-specific recombinases and various iterations of CRISPR-Cas9 editing provide many tools for the development and re-engineering of synthetic chromosomes.
概述了植物中工程小染色体/人造染色体/合成染色体的现状。它们的前景在于提供了一种在正常染色体之外的独立实体上积累外来基因的方法，这将有助于以一种与内源基因无关的方式堆叠新的性状，并有助于品系间的转移。植物的中心粒是表观遗传的，因此分离中心粒下层的 DNA 并将其重新导入植物细胞不会建立功能性动核，这就使体外组装植物人工染色体的方法失去了意义。利用端粒介导的染色体截短技术可以绕过这个问题，产生的迷你染色体只具有一个内源中心粒，而这个内源中心粒又可以作为构建合成染色体的基础。位点特异性重组酶和 CRISPR-Cas9 编辑的各种迭代为合成染色体的开发和再造提供了许多工具。
期刊介绍：
Publishing the best original research papers in all key areas of modern plant biology from the world"s leading laboratories, The Plant Journal provides a dynamic forum for this ever growing international research community.
Plant science research is now at the forefront of research in the biological sciences, with breakthroughs in our understanding of fundamental processes in plants matching those in other organisms. The impact of molecular genetics and the availability of model and crop species can be seen in all aspects of plant biology. For publication in The Plant Journal the research must provide a highly significant new contribution to our understanding of plants and be of general interest to the plant science community.
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