In vitro evaluation of the pathogenicity of fungi isolated from the Urabá region (Antioquia, Colombia) against Aedes aegypti larvae

Abstract

Introduction. Aedes aegypti is an important vector of arboviral diseases like dengue among others. Traditional control strategies, such as the use of insecticides, have lost effectiveness due to the emergence of resistance in mosquito populations. Biological control and fungi applied for biocontrol are presented as viable and ecological alternatives. Objective. To evaluate in vitro pathogenicity of Trichoderma sp. isolates obtained from Urabá (Antioquia) on larvae of Ae. aegypti, and to determine the mean lethal concentration and mean lethal time of the most pathogenic isolate. Materials and methods. Using the sentinel larvae method of Ae. aegypti, fungi were isolated from water bodies in the Urabá region (Antioquia). The isolates were characterized morphologically and molecularly to determine their taxonomic identity. Pathogenicity tests were performed in vitro on Ae. aegypti larvae in the L2/L3 stages. Subsequently, a strain was selected to establish its mean lethal concentration and mean lethal time. Results. Trichoderma sp. strain AP-91 caused high mortality in larval populations of Ae. aegypti. We estimated a mean lethal concentration of 1.8 × 107 conidia/ml and a mean lethal time of 20.67 hours. Conclusion. The strain AP-91 showed potential for its use as biological control of Ae. aegypti, making it a suitable candidate for scale-up cultures applied to integrated vector management. This research suggests exploring compounds and enzymes produced by the AP-91 strain to understand better its pathogenicity.