[Risk of postpartum depression in primary care].

Abstract

Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a severe mental disorder that can affect up to 56% of Latina women. PPD has multiple origins and affects maternal well-being, health and behavior, as well as child development.

Objective: to analyze the risk of postpartum depression in a primary care center.

Material and methods: observational, cross-sectional, retrospective study in patients entitled to primary care, who were in the postpartum period. Likert-type surveys were carried out, based on the Edinburgh Scale, collecting sociodemographic factors, in order to establish the associated risk factors. The association between the study outcome (risk of postpartum depression) with each independent variable was determined using Odds ratio and multivariate models.

Results: 79 postpartum patients were included, the average age was 29 years (± 5), 46.8% with a high risk of depression, and 53.2% without risk of postpartum depression. The main factor associated with being able to present a high risk of postpartum depression was low socioeconomic level in 94.6%, other variables did not have statistical significance.

Conclusions: the frequency of being at high risk for postpartum depression in our study was similar to that reported by the Pan American Health Organization 2018, with a frequency of 56% in Mexican and Latin American women. The main risk factor was economic aspects rather than social aspects.