[Angiographic result with the use of adenosine before percutaneous coronary intervention in pharmacoinvasive therapy].

Abstract

Background: Mexico is the country with the highest mortality from acute myocardial infarction (AMI), which is why guidelines have been established for early reperfusion in which fibrinolysis is the second most accessible method. However, there is a percentage of patients who do not achieve acceptable myocardial perfusion and this is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Different adenosine schemes have been used as an adjuvant to restore adequate myocardial perfusion.

Objective: To compare the final angiographic flow in patients undergoing pharmacoinvasive percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with the use of intracoronary adenosine versus patients without its use.

Material and methods: Single-center, prospective, longitudinal, single-blind study carried out in patients with AMI, thrombolyzed, with reperfusion data, sent to a tertiary care center from March 2022 to June 2023, randomized to receive intracoronary adenosine previous to intervention. Drug-eluting stents were placed in all patients. Initial and final angiographic flow was compared.

Results: 33 patients were included, randomized 1:1 to control and intervention groups. 75.8% of the participants were male. The most frequent artery responsible for the infarction was the anterior descending (63.6%). An average of 350 mcg of intracoronary adenosine was used in the intervention group, and the most frequent complication in both groups was the presence of no-reflow phenomenon.

Conclusions: Due to the small sample size, it is not possible to conclude the usefulness of adenosine for improving final angiographic flow in pharmacoinvasive PCI. More adverse effects were reported in the intervention group, without a significant statistical difference.