Working memory related functional connectivity in adult ADHD and its amenability to training: A randomized controlled trial

IF 3.4 2区医学 Q2 NEUROIMAGING

Neuroimage-Clinical Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103696

Tuija Tolonen , Sami Leppämäki , Timo Roine , Kimmo Alho , Pekka Tani , Anniina Koski , Matti Laine , Juha Salmi

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Working memory (WM) deficits are among the most prominent cognitive impairments in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). While functional connectivity is a prevailing approach in brain imaging of ADHD, alterations in WM-related functional brain networks and their malleability by cognitive training are not well known. We examined whole-brain functional connectivity differences between adults with and without ADHD during n-back WM tasks and rest at pretest, as well as the effects of WM training on functional and structural brain connectivity in the ADHD group.

Methods

Forty-two adults with ADHD and 36 neurotypical controls performed visuospatial and verbal n-back tasks during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). In addition, seven-minute resting state fMRI data and diffusion-weighted MR images were collected from all participants. The adults with ADHD continued into a 5-week randomized controlled WM training trial (experimental group training on a dual n-back task, n = 21; active control group training on Bejeweled II video game, n = 21), followed by a posttraining MRI. Brain connectivity was examined with Network-Based Statistic.

Results

At the pretest, adults with ADHD had decreased functional connectivity compared with the neurotypical controls during both n-back tasks in networks encompassing fronto-parietal, temporal, occipital, cerebellar, and subcortical brain regions. Furthermore, WM-related connectivity in widespread networks was associated with performance accuracy in a continuous performance test. Regarding resting state connectivity, no group differences or associations with task performance were observed. WM training did not modulate functional or structural connectivity compared with the active controls.

Conclusion

Our results indicate large-scale abnormalities in functional brain networks underlying deficits in verbal and visuospatial WM commonly faced in ADHD. Training-induced plasticity in these networks may be limited.

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成人多动症中与工作记忆相关的功能连接及其对训练的适应性：随机对照试验

背景：工作记忆（WM）缺陷是注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）最突出的认知障碍之一。虽然功能连通性是多动症脑成像的主要方法，但与工作记忆相关的脑功能网络的改变及其在认知训练中的可塑性尚不十分清楚。我们研究了患有和不患有ADHD的成年人在N-back WM任务和休息时的全脑功能连通性差异，以及WM训练对ADHD组大脑功能和结构连通性的影响：42名患有多动症的成人和36名神经畸形对照者在功能磁共振成像（fMRI）中执行了视觉空间和言语n-back任务。此外，还收集了所有参与者的七分钟静息状态 fMRI 数据和弥散加权 MR 图像。患有多动症的成人继续进行为期 5 周的随机对照 WM 训练试验（实验组进行双 n 回任务训练，n = 21；积极对照组进行 Bejeweled II 视频游戏训练，n = 21），然后进行训练后核磁共振成像。结果显示，在前测中，患有注意力缺陷障碍的成人在训练后的核磁共振成像中表现出了明显的 "乏力"：结果发现：与神经畸形对照组相比，多动症成人在预测试时，在两项N-back任务中，大脑前顶叶、颞叶、枕叶、小脑和皮层下区域网络的功能连通性均有所下降。此外，广泛网络中的 WM 相关连通性与连续表现测试中的表现准确性有关。在静息状态连通性方面，没有观察到组间差异或与任务表现的关联。与活跃的对照组相比，WM训练并没有改变功能或结构的连通性：我们的研究结果表明，大脑功能网络的大规模异常是多动症患者常见的言语和视觉空间WM缺陷的基础。训练对这些网络的可塑性可能是有限的。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Neuroimage-Clinical NEUROIMAGING-

CiteScore

7.50

自引率

4.80%

发文量

368

审稿时长

52 days

期刊介绍： NeuroImage: Clinical, a journal of diseases, disorders and syndromes involving the Nervous System, provides a vehicle for communicating important advances in the study of abnormal structure-function relationships of the human nervous system based on imaging. The focus of NeuroImage: Clinical is on defining changes to the brain associated with primary neurologic and psychiatric diseases and disorders of the nervous system as well as behavioral syndromes and developmental conditions. The main criterion for judging papers is the extent of scientific advancement in the understanding of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of diseases and disorders, in identification of functional models that link clinical signs and symptoms with brain function and in the creation of image based tools applicable to a broad range of clinical needs including diagnosis, monitoring and tracking of illness, predicting therapeutic response and development of new treatments. Papers dealing with structure and function in animal models will also be considered if they reveal mechanisms that can be readily translated to human conditions.