{"title":"The Relationship Between Defensive Pessimism, Goal Orientation, and Self-Esteem Among Nursing Students.","authors":"Mohamed Hussein Ramadan Atta, Esraa Elsayed Rushdan, Nadia Waheed Elzohairy","doi":"10.1177/23779608241293662","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Academic achievement in nursing students is significantly influenced by their self-esteem and goal orientation. Defensive pessimism, a strategy where students set low expectations to prepare for potential failure, helps them stay motivated and focused. While this cognitive strategy can boost effort and performance, its relationship with self-esteem and goal orientation remains underexplored among nursing students, revealing a gap in understanding how these factors interact to influence academic success.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Assess the level and relationship between defensive pessimism, goal orientation, and self-esteem among nursing students at the Faculty of Nursing.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Four hundred students were included in the research using a stratified sampling method followed by a simple randomization sampling technique to select 100 students from each academic year. Tools: The Defensive Pessimism Questionnaire, the Goal Orientation Scale, and the Self-Esteem Scale were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>56.28% of participants had a low level of defensive pessimism, about two-thirds (62.30%) had a low level of goal orientation, and 70.0% of the students had a mild level of self-esteem. In addition, higher levels of defensive pessimism are significantly associated with stronger goal orientation (<i>r</i> = .291, <i>p</i> < .001) but lower self-esteem (<i>r</i> = -.246, <i>p</i> < .001). Additionally, self-esteem is significantly positively correlated with mastery-performance approach goals (<i>r</i> = .335, <i>p</i> < .001; <i>r</i> = .142, <i>p</i> < .001) and significantly negatively correlated with mastery-performance avoidance goals (<i>r</i> = -.351, <i>p</i> < .001; <i>r</i> = -.041, <i>p</i> < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlight the complex interplay between defensive pessimism, goal orientation, and self-esteem in nursing students. Understanding these relationships is crucial for developing targeted interventions to enhance academic achievement and psychological well-being among nursing students, potentially by fostering adaptive goal-setting strategies and addressing the impacts of defensive pessimism on self-esteem.</p>","PeriodicalId":43312,"journal":{"name":"SAGE Open Nursing","volume":"10 ","pages":"23779608241293662"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11544683/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"SAGE Open Nursing","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1177/23779608241293662","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"NURSING","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Introduction: Academic achievement in nursing students is significantly influenced by their self-esteem and goal orientation. Defensive pessimism, a strategy where students set low expectations to prepare for potential failure, helps them stay motivated and focused. While this cognitive strategy can boost effort and performance, its relationship with self-esteem and goal orientation remains underexplored among nursing students, revealing a gap in understanding how these factors interact to influence academic success.
Objective: Assess the level and relationship between defensive pessimism, goal orientation, and self-esteem among nursing students at the Faculty of Nursing.
Method: Four hundred students were included in the research using a stratified sampling method followed by a simple randomization sampling technique to select 100 students from each academic year. Tools: The Defensive Pessimism Questionnaire, the Goal Orientation Scale, and the Self-Esteem Scale were used.
Results: 56.28% of participants had a low level of defensive pessimism, about two-thirds (62.30%) had a low level of goal orientation, and 70.0% of the students had a mild level of self-esteem. In addition, higher levels of defensive pessimism are significantly associated with stronger goal orientation (r = .291, p < .001) but lower self-esteem (r = -.246, p < .001). Additionally, self-esteem is significantly positively correlated with mastery-performance approach goals (r = .335, p < .001; r = .142, p < .001) and significantly negatively correlated with mastery-performance avoidance goals (r = -.351, p < .001; r = -.041, p < .001).
Conclusion: These findings highlight the complex interplay between defensive pessimism, goal orientation, and self-esteem in nursing students. Understanding these relationships is crucial for developing targeted interventions to enhance academic achievement and psychological well-being among nursing students, potentially by fostering adaptive goal-setting strategies and addressing the impacts of defensive pessimism on self-esteem.
引言护理专业学生的学业成绩在很大程度上受其自尊心和目标定向的影响。防御性悲观主义是一种学生设定较低期望值以应对潜在失败的策略，有助于他们保持积极性和专注力。虽然这种认知策略可以提高学生的努力程度和学习成绩，但在护理专业学生中，这种策略与自尊和目标取向之间的关系仍未得到充分探讨，这揭示了在理解这些因素如何相互作用影响学业成功方面存在的差距：评估护理学院护理专业学生的防御性悲观主义、目标导向和自尊之间的水平和关系：方法：采用分层抽样法从每一学年中抽取 100 名学生，然后采用简单随机抽样法将 400 名学生纳入研究范围。工具采用防御性悲观主义问卷、目标定向量表和自尊量表：56.28%的参与者防御性悲观程度较低，约三分之二（62.30%）的学生目标定向程度较低，70.0%的学生自尊程度较轻。此外，较高水平的防御性悲观主义与较强的目标定向有明显的关联（r = .291，p r = -.246，p r = .335，p r = .142，p r = -.351，p r = -.041, p 结论：这些发现凸显了护理专业学生的防御性悲观、目标导向和自尊之间复杂的相互作用。了解这些关系对于制定有针对性的干预措施以提高护理专业学生的学业成绩和心理健康至关重要，这些干预措施可能通过培养适应性目标设定策略和解决防御性悲观主义对自尊的影响来实现。
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