Advancements in colorectal cancer treatment: The role of metal-based and inorganic nanoparticles in modern therapeutic approaches

IF 2.9 4区医学 Q2 PATHOLOGY

Pathology, research and practice Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI:10.1016/j.prp.2024.155706

Maryam Azarian , Marzieh Ramezani Farani , William C. Cho , Fereshteh Asgharzadeh , Yu-jeong Yang , Maryam Moradi Binabaj , Murtaza M. Tambuwala , Najma Farahani , Kiavash Hushmandi , Yun Suk Huh

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Abstract

Recent advances in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) have highlighted the integration of metal-based nanoparticles into sophisticated therapeutic strategies. This examination delves into the potential applications of these nanoparticles, particularly in augmenting the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and targeted drug delivery systems. Metal nanoparticles, such as gold (Au), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu), possess distinctive characteristics that make them valuable in cancer treatment. Beyond their role as drug carriers, these nanoparticles actively engage in therapeutic processes like apoptosis induction, enhancement of photothermal effects, and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) crucial for tumor cell eradication. The utilization of metal nanoparticles in CRC therapy addresses significant challenges encountered with conventional treatments, such as drug resistance and systemic toxicity. For example, engineered Au nanoparticles enable targeted drug delivery, reducing off-target effects and maximizing therapeutic efficacy against cancerous cells. Their capacity to absorb near-infrared light allows for localized hyperthermia, effectively eliminating cancerous tissues. Similarly, Cu nanoparticles exhibit potential in overcoming drug resistance by enhancing the efficacy of traditional chemotherapeutic agents through ROS production and improved drug stability. This review underscores the significance of precision medicine in CRC care. Through the integration of metal nanoparticles alongside complementary biomarkers and personalized treatment strategies, a more efficient and tailored therapeutic approach can be achieved. The synergistic effect of PDT in combination with metal nanoparticles introduces a novel methodology to CRC treatment, offering a dual-action mechanism that enhances tumor targeting while minimizing undesirable effects. In conclusion, the integration of metal-based nanoparticles in CRC therapy marks a significant progress in oncological treatments. Continued research is imperative to comprehensively grasp their mechanisms, optimize their clinical utility, and address potential safety considerations. This thorough assessment aims to pave the way for future advancements in CRC treatment through the application of nanotechnology and personalized medicine strategies.

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结直肠癌治疗的进展：金属基和无机纳米粒子在现代治疗方法中的作用。

最近在治疗结直肠癌（CRC）方面取得的进展突显了将金属基纳米粒子融入复杂治疗策略的重要性。本研究深入探讨了这些纳米粒子的潜在应用，特别是在增强光动力疗法（PDT）和靶向给药系统的有效性方面。金（Au）、银（Ag）和铜（Cu）等金属纳米粒子具有独特的特性，使其在癌症治疗中具有重要价值。除了作为药物载体外，这些纳米粒子还积极参与治疗过程，如诱导细胞凋亡、增强光热效应、产生对消灭肿瘤细胞至关重要的活性氧（ROS）。在 CRC 治疗中利用金属纳米粒子可以解决传统疗法所遇到的重大挑战，如耐药性和全身毒性。例如，工程金纳米粒子可实现靶向给药，减少脱靶效应，最大限度地提高对癌细胞的疗效。金纳米粒子吸收近红外线的能力可实现局部热疗，有效消除癌组织。同样，铜纳米粒子通过产生 ROS 和提高药物稳定性，增强了传统化疗药物的疗效，在克服耐药性方面具有潜力。本综述强调了精准医疗在癌症治疗中的重要意义。通过将金属纳米粒子与互补性生物标记物和个性化治疗策略相结合，可以实现更高效、更有针对性的治疗方法。光动力疗法与金属纳米粒子相结合的协同效应为 CRC 治疗引入了一种新方法，提供了一种双重作用机制，在增强肿瘤靶向性的同时将不良反应降至最低。总之，金属基纳米粒子与 CRC 治疗的结合标志着肿瘤治疗的重大进展。当务之急是继续开展研究，以全面掌握其作用机制，优化其临床实用性，并解决潜在的安全性问题。这项全面的评估旨在通过应用纳米技术和个性化医疗策略为未来推进 CRC 治疗铺平道路。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Pathology, research and practice 医学-病理学

CiteScore

5.00

自引率

3.60%

发文量

405

审稿时长

24 days

期刊介绍： Pathology, Research and Practice provides accessible coverage of the most recent developments across the entire field of pathology: Reviews focus on recent progress in pathology, while Comments look at interesting current problems and at hypotheses for future developments in pathology. Original Papers present novel findings on all aspects of general, anatomic and molecular pathology. Rapid Communications inform readers on preliminary findings that may be relevant for further studies and need to be communicated quickly. Teaching Cases look at new aspects or special diagnostic problems of diseases and at case reports relevant for the pathologist''s practice.